xxxiv
Fig. 7.13 The conceptual structure of direct measurement: the Hexagon
Framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
Fig. 7.14 First symmetry in the Hexagon Framework: local scale
and public scale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
Fig. 7.15 Second symmetry in the Hexagon Framework: transduction
and calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
Fig. 7.16 Third symmetry in the Hexagon Framework:
empirical component and informational component . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
Fig. 7.17 A reader has responded to a reading comprehension item . . . . . . . . 221
Fig. 7.18 The local references for the example: X 1
*
(left panel) and X 2
*
(right panel) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
Fig. 7.19 A reading comprehension ability construct map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
Fig. 7.20 A Wright map based on the RCA construct map in Fig. 7.19 . . . . . . 224
Fig. 7.21 An extension of the Hexagon Framework including
the distinction between intended property and effective
property, and the place of definitional uncertainty in it . . . . . . . . . . . 229
Fig. 7.22 The Hexagon Framework including the definition
of the primary scale and its dissemination, and the
place of calibration uncertainty in it . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
Fig. 7.23 The place of instrumental uncertainty and interaction
uncertainty in the Hexagon Framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
Fig. 7.24 An updated black box model, now including the
components of measurement uncertainty
(an updated version of Fig. 3.2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
Fig. 8.1 The syntactic-semantic-pragmatic information-layered
structure in the perspective of measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240
Fig. A.1 The key entities related to and their relations . . . . . . . . . 264
Fig. A.2 The black box model of the key entities related
to and their relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
Fig. A.3 The white box model of the key entities related
to and their relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268
Fig. A.4 The key entities related to
and their relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269
Fig. A.5 The entities related to and their relations . . . . . . . . . . 270
List of Figures