526
E. Kamenetskii
In this chapter, we consider near fields originated from subwavelength resonators,
that are the systems with quantum-confinement effects of dipolar-mode quasistatic
oscillations. We analyze the possibilities of these resonances to exhibit near-field ME
properties. An analysis of such dipole-carrying excitations allows finding a proper
way in realizing polariton structures with properties of strong ME interactions.
19.2 Subwavelength Resonators with Dipole-Carrying
Excitations
An interaction between the photon and medium dipole-carrying excitation becomes
strong enough near the resonance between the light mode and the mode of the medium
excitation. At the resonance region, the dispersion curves of these modes transform
into two split polaritonic branches showing anticrossing behavior. The examples are
exciton polaritons, surface-plasmon polaritons, and magnon polaritons. Semiclassically, polaritons are described using Maxwell equations and constitutive relations
that include the frequency dependent response functions. Quantum mechanically,
polaritons are described as hybrid collective excitations that are linear superpositions of matter collective excitations and photons. There are the effects of interaction
between real and virtual photons. When dipole-carrying excitations are observed
in a high-quality confined structure, the coupling modes can appear as composite
bosons. Strong long-range dipole-dipole interactions significantly modify the meanfield predictions of the quantum phases of microscopic short-range excitations by
stabilizing the condensate phase. It can persist up to densities high enough to support
quantum liquidity with very long lifetimes. In exciton-polariton condensates, in
particular, this effect leads to sustained trapping of the emitted photon [35–39].
Excitons in semiconductor resonators are dipole-carrying oscillations. Plasmons
and magnons in confined structures are also dipole-carrying oscillations. Plasmons
are optical responses of metal structures arising from collective oscillations of their
conduction electrons. The microwave responses of ferrite samples—magnons—
arise from collective oscillations of their precessing electrons. Both plasmons and
magnons are bosons. In increasing the capabilities of the optical and microwave
techniques further into the subwavelength regime, small plasmon and magnon resonant structures have attracted considerable interest. These oscillations in subwavelength resonators, however, are not composite bosons, as in the case of exciton resonances. No dipole-dipole plasmon condensate and dipole-dipole magnon condensate in confined resonant structures are observed, to the best to our knowledge.
The problem of creating a condensate with linked (electric and magnetic) dipolecarrying excitations confined in a high-quality resonant structure appears as a lot
more exotic. Is it even possible to observe tightly bound ME excitations, which turns
into a composite boson (or fermion) and behaves as quasiparticle? Can we, in general,
E. Kamenetskii
In this chapter, we consider near fields originated from subwavelength resonators,
that are the systems with quantum-confinement effects of dipolar-mode quasistatic
oscillations. We analyze the possibilities of these resonances to exhibit near-field ME
properties. An analysis of such dipole-carrying excitations allows finding a proper
way in realizing polariton structures with properties of strong ME interactions.
19.2 Subwavelength Resonators with Dipole-Carrying
Excitations
An interaction between the photon and medium dipole-carrying excitation becomes
strong enough near the resonance between the light mode and the mode of the medium
excitation. At the resonance region, the dispersion curves of these modes transform
into two split polaritonic branches showing anticrossing behavior. The examples are
exciton polaritons, surface-plasmon polaritons, and magnon polaritons. Semiclassically, polaritons are described using Maxwell equations and constitutive relations
that include the frequency dependent response functions. Quantum mechanically,
polaritons are described as hybrid collective excitations that are linear superpositions of matter collective excitations and photons. There are the effects of interaction
between real and virtual photons. When dipole-carrying excitations are observed
in a high-quality confined structure, the coupling modes can appear as composite
bosons. Strong long-range dipole-dipole interactions significantly modify the meanfield predictions of the quantum phases of microscopic short-range excitations by
stabilizing the condensate phase. It can persist up to densities high enough to support
quantum liquidity with very long lifetimes. In exciton-polariton condensates, in
particular, this effect leads to sustained trapping of the emitted photon [35–39].
Excitons in semiconductor resonators are dipole-carrying oscillations. Plasmons
and magnons in confined structures are also dipole-carrying oscillations. Plasmons
are optical responses of metal structures arising from collective oscillations of their
conduction electrons. The microwave responses of ferrite samples—magnons—
arise from collective oscillations of their precessing electrons. Both plasmons and
magnons are bosons. In increasing the capabilities of the optical and microwave
techniques further into the subwavelength regime, small plasmon and magnon resonant structures have attracted considerable interest. These oscillations in subwavelength resonators, however, are not composite bosons, as in the case of exciton resonances. No dipole-dipole plasmon condensate and dipole-dipole magnon condensate in confined resonant structures are observed, to the best to our knowledge.
The problem of creating a condensate with linked (electric and magnetic) dipolecarrying excitations confined in a high-quality resonant structure appears as a lot
more exotic. Is it even possible to observe tightly bound ME excitations, which turns
into a composite boson (or fermion) and behaves as quasiparticle? Can we, in general,