251
© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to
Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
V. Kumar et al. (eds.), Nanotoxicology and Nanoecotoxicology Vol. 1,
Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World 59,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63241-0_10
Chapter 10
Phytoresponse to Nanoparticle Exposure
Vineet Kumar, Praveen Guleria, and Shivendu Ranjan
Contents
10.1 Introduction
252
10.2 Plant–NP Interactions
252
10.2.1 Plant–NP Interaction: No Effect/Positive Effect
253
10.2.2 Plant–NP Interaction: Negative Effects
258
10.3 Mechanism Regulating Plant–NP Interactions
262
10.3.1 Mechanism Underlying the Positive Effect of NPs on Plants
263
10.3.2 Mechanism Underlying the Negative Effects of NPs on Plants
268
10.4 NPs can Pass Through Tropic Levels: Biotransformation and Biomagnification,
a Serious Concern
277
10.5 Conclusions
278
10.6 Future Perspectives
278
References
279
Abstract Nanoparticles (NPs) can induce toxic effect due to their small size, surface reactivity, and chemical nature. They have been used to improve the efficiency
and quality of various industrial products. The release of nanoparticles from such
nanoproducts can bring them in contact with the primary producer, plants. They can
have positive as well as negative effect on the plants. NPs have positive effect on
seed germination, plant growth, and development mainly due to increased water and
nutrient uptake, photosynthesis, and secondary metabolism by regulating genetic
material and changing cell morphology. The negative effect on plant growth and
development on NP exposure is mainly due to reduced photosynthesis, altered
genetic material expression, and oxidative or abiotic stress induced by them. One or
more factors can act simultaneously or individually to induce positive or negative
V. Kumar (*)
Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely
Professional University (LPU), Phagwara, Punjab, India
P. Guleria
Department of Biotechnology, DAV University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
S. Ranjan
Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of Johannesburg,
Johannesburg, South Africa
© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to
Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
V. Kumar et al. (eds.), Nanotoxicology and Nanoecotoxicology Vol. 1,
Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World 59,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63241-0_10
Chapter 10
Phytoresponse to Nanoparticle Exposure
Vineet Kumar, Praveen Guleria, and Shivendu Ranjan
Contents
10.1 Introduction
252
10.2 Plant–NP Interactions
252
10.2.1 Plant–NP Interaction: No Effect/Positive Effect
253
10.2.2 Plant–NP Interaction: Negative Effects
258
10.3 Mechanism Regulating Plant–NP Interactions
262
10.3.1 Mechanism Underlying the Positive Effect of NPs on Plants
263
10.3.2 Mechanism Underlying the Negative Effects of NPs on Plants
268
10.4 NPs can Pass Through Tropic Levels: Biotransformation and Biomagnification,
a Serious Concern
277
10.5 Conclusions
278
10.6 Future Perspectives
278
References
279
Abstract Nanoparticles (NPs) can induce toxic effect due to their small size, surface reactivity, and chemical nature. They have been used to improve the efficiency
and quality of various industrial products. The release of nanoparticles from such
nanoproducts can bring them in contact with the primary producer, plants. They can
have positive as well as negative effect on the plants. NPs have positive effect on
seed germination, plant growth, and development mainly due to increased water and
nutrient uptake, photosynthesis, and secondary metabolism by regulating genetic
material and changing cell morphology. The negative effect on plant growth and
development on NP exposure is mainly due to reduced photosynthesis, altered
genetic material expression, and oxidative or abiotic stress induced by them. One or
more factors can act simultaneously or individually to induce positive or negative
V. Kumar (*)
Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely
Professional University (LPU), Phagwara, Punjab, India
P. Guleria
Department of Biotechnology, DAV University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
S. Ranjan
Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of Johannesburg,
Johannesburg, South Africa