13 High Strain Rate Tension Experiments Features …
219
13.5 Conclusion
The review of the current state of high rate tension experiment shows that the most
popular technique for testing materials at strain rates, ranging from 10
2 to 10
4 s
−1
is the Kolsky method or the Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar method and its numerous
modifications. However, there are a number of features intrinsic to high rate tension
of visco-plastic specimens including stress and strain fields non-uniformity due to
the closure of fixing parts of sample and strain localization (necking).
Numerical analysis of high rate tension process proves that the true stress–strain
curve can be accurately constructed on the basis of the history of neck geometry
during tension. If the neck geometry data is unavailable, one can apply numerical
simulation and reverse analysis technique to obtain true dynamic diagram. Such
procedure has been implemented and tested in the present work.
Acknowledgements The experimental study was supported by the Grant of the President of the
Russian Federation for young scientists (MD-1221.2019.8). The theoretical investigations were
supported by the grant of the Government of the Russian Federation (contract No. 14.Y26.31.0031).
References
Alibert, J. J., Seppecher, P., & dell’Isola, F. (2003). Truss modular beams with deformation energy
depending on higher displacement gradients. Mathematics and Mechanics of Solids, 8(1).
Alves, M., & Jones, N. (1999). Influence of hydrostatic stress on failure of axisymmetric notched
specimens. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids, 47, 643–667.
Aronofsky, J. (1951). Evaluation of stress distribution in the symmetrical neck of flat tensile bars.
Journal of Applied Mechanics, 75–84.
Arthington, M. R., Siviour, C. R., & Petrinic, N. (2012). Improved materials characterisation
through the application of geometry reconstruction to quasi-static and highstrain-rate tension
tests. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 46, 86–96.
Auffray, N., dell’Isola, F., Eremeyev, V., Madeo A., & Rossi G. (2013). Analytical continuum
mechanics à la Hamilton-Piola: least action principle for second gradient continua and capillary
fluids. Mathematics and Mechanics of Solids.
Bacon, C., & Lataillade J.-L. (2001). Development of the Kolsky-Hopkinson techniques and applications for non-conventional testing. In W. K.Nowacki & J. R.Klepaczko (Eds.), New experimental
methods in material dynamics and impact. Trends in Mechanics of Materials (pp. 1–58), Warsaw.
Barchiesi, E., Spagnuolo, M., & Placidi, L. Mechanical metamaterials: a state of the art. Mathematics
and Mechanics of Solids.
Bazhenov, V. G., Lomunov, V. K., Osetrov S. L., & Pavlenkova, E. V. (2013). Experimental and
computational method of studying large elastoplastic deformations of cylindrical shells in tension
to rupture and constructing strain diagrams for an inhomogeneous stress-strain state. Journal of
Applied Mechanics and Technical Physics, 54(1), 100–107
Bragov, A., Konstantinov, A., Kruszka, L., Lomunov, A., & Filippov, A. (2018). Dynamic properties
of stainless steel under direct tension loading using a simple gas gun. EPJ Web of Conferences,
183(2035). https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201818302035.
Bragov, A. M., Lomunov, A. K., Lamzin, D. A., et al. (2019). Continuum Mechanics and
Thermodynamics. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00161-019-00776-0
219
13.5 Conclusion
The review of the current state of high rate tension experiment shows that the most
popular technique for testing materials at strain rates, ranging from 10
2 to 10
4 s
−1
is the Kolsky method or the Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar method and its numerous
modifications. However, there are a number of features intrinsic to high rate tension
of visco-plastic specimens including stress and strain fields non-uniformity due to
the closure of fixing parts of sample and strain localization (necking).
Numerical analysis of high rate tension process proves that the true stress–strain
curve can be accurately constructed on the basis of the history of neck geometry
during tension. If the neck geometry data is unavailable, one can apply numerical
simulation and reverse analysis technique to obtain true dynamic diagram. Such
procedure has been implemented and tested in the present work.
Acknowledgements The experimental study was supported by the Grant of the President of the
Russian Federation for young scientists (MD-1221.2019.8). The theoretical investigations were
supported by the grant of the Government of the Russian Federation (contract No. 14.Y26.31.0031).
References
Alibert, J. J., Seppecher, P., & dell’Isola, F. (2003). Truss modular beams with deformation energy
depending on higher displacement gradients. Mathematics and Mechanics of Solids, 8(1).
Alves, M., & Jones, N. (1999). Influence of hydrostatic stress on failure of axisymmetric notched
specimens. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids, 47, 643–667.
Aronofsky, J. (1951). Evaluation of stress distribution in the symmetrical neck of flat tensile bars.
Journal of Applied Mechanics, 75–84.
Arthington, M. R., Siviour, C. R., & Petrinic, N. (2012). Improved materials characterisation
through the application of geometry reconstruction to quasi-static and highstrain-rate tension
tests. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 46, 86–96.
Auffray, N., dell’Isola, F., Eremeyev, V., Madeo A., & Rossi G. (2013). Analytical continuum
mechanics à la Hamilton-Piola: least action principle for second gradient continua and capillary
fluids. Mathematics and Mechanics of Solids.
Bacon, C., & Lataillade J.-L. (2001). Development of the Kolsky-Hopkinson techniques and applications for non-conventional testing. In W. K.Nowacki & J. R.Klepaczko (Eds.), New experimental
methods in material dynamics and impact. Trends in Mechanics of Materials (pp. 1–58), Warsaw.
Barchiesi, E., Spagnuolo, M., & Placidi, L. Mechanical metamaterials: a state of the art. Mathematics
and Mechanics of Solids.
Bazhenov, V. G., Lomunov, V. K., Osetrov S. L., & Pavlenkova, E. V. (2013). Experimental and
computational method of studying large elastoplastic deformations of cylindrical shells in tension
to rupture and constructing strain diagrams for an inhomogeneous stress-strain state. Journal of
Applied Mechanics and Technical Physics, 54(1), 100–107
Bragov, A., Konstantinov, A., Kruszka, L., Lomunov, A., & Filippov, A. (2018). Dynamic properties
of stainless steel under direct tension loading using a simple gas gun. EPJ Web of Conferences,
183(2035). https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201818302035.
Bragov, A. M., Lomunov, A. K., Lamzin, D. A., et al. (2019). Continuum Mechanics and
Thermodynamics. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00161-019-00776-0