C hapter 6 nanomaterials: Classes and fundamentals
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On the other hand, 1-D nanomaterials differ from 0-D nanomaterials in that the former have one dimension that is outside the
nanoscale. This difference in material dimensions leads to needlelike-shaped nanomaterials (see Figure 6.3). One-dimensional
nanomaterials include nanotubes, nanorods, and nanowires. Yet,
as was the case with 0-D nanomaterials, these 1-D nanomaterials
can be:
Figure 6.1
Classification of nanomaterials according to 0-D,
1-D, 2-D, and 3-D.
L
L y
L x
L y
L x
d ≤ 100 nm
t ≤ 100 nm
d ≤ 100
nm
L y
L z
0-D
All dimensions (x,y,z) at nanoscale
1-D
Two dimensions (x,y) at nanoscale,
other dimension (L) is not
2-D
One dimension (t) at nanoscale,
other two dimensions- (
) are not
3-D
No bulk dimension at nanoscale
Nanocrystalline and nanocomposite
materials
Nanocoatings and nanofilms
Nanowires, nanorods, and
nanotubes
Nanoparticles
x
y
L x ,