24. Mukherjee A, Srimani D, Ben-David Y, Milstein D (2017) Low-pressure hydrogenation of
nitriles to primary amines catalyzed by ruthenium pincer complexes. Scope and mechanism.
ChemCatChem 9:559–563
25. Bornschein C, Werkmeister S, Wendt B, Jiao H, Alberico E, Baumann W, Junge H, Junge K,
Beller M (2014) Mild and selective hydrogenation of aromatic and aliphatic (di)nitriles with a
well-defined iron pincer complex. Nat Commun 5:4111
26. Alberico E, Sponholz P, Cordes C, Nielsen M, Drexler H-J, Baumann W, Junge H, Beller M
(2013) Selective hydrogen production from methanol with a defined iron pincer catalyst under
mild conditions. Angew Chem Int Ed 52:14162–14166
27. Lange S, Elangovan S, Cordes C, Spannenberg A, Jiao H, Junge H, Bachmann S, Scalone M,
Topf C, Junge K, Beller M (2016) Selective catalytic hydrogenation of nitriles to primary
amines using iron pincer complexes. Cat Sci Technol 6:4768–4772
28. Elangovan S, Topf C, Fischer S, Jiao H, Spannenberg A, Baumann W, Ludwig R, Junge K,
Beller M (2016) Selective catalytic hydrogenations of nitriles, ketones, and aldehydes by welldefined manganese pincer complexes. J Am Chem Soc 138:8809–8814
29. Mukherjee A, Srimani D, Chakraborty S, Ben-David Y, Milstein D (2015) Selective hydrogenation of nitriles to primary amines catalyzed by a cobalt pincer complex. J Am Chem Soc
137:8888–8891
30. Tokmic K, Jackson BJ, Salazar A, Woods TJ, Fout AR (2017) Cobalt-catalyzed and Lewis
acid-assisted nitrile hydrogenation to primary amines: a combined effort. J Am Chem Soc
139:13554–13561
31. Schneekönig J, Tannert B, Hornke H, Beller M, Junge K (2019) Cobalt pincer complexes for
catalytic reduction of nitriles to primary amines. Cat Sci Technol 9:1779–1783
32. Shao Z, Fu S, Wei M, Zhou S, Liu Q (2016) Mild and selective cobalt-catalyzed
chemodivergent transfer hydrogenation of nitriles. Angew Chem Int Ed 55:14653–14657
33. Srimani D, Feller M, Ben-David Y, Milstein D (2012) Catalytic coupling of nitriles with
amines to selectively form imines under mild hydrogen pressure. Chem Commun
48:11853–11855
34. Choi J-H, Prechtl MHG (2015) Tuneable hydrogenation of nitriles into imines or amines with
a ruthenium pincer complex under mild conditions. ChemCatChem 7:1023–1028
35. Chakraborty S, Berke H (2014) Homogeneous hydrogenation of nitriles catalyzed by molybdenum and tungsten amides. ACS Catal 4:2191–2194
36. Chakraborty S, Leitus G, Milstein D (2017) Iron-catalyzed mild and selective hydrogenative
cross-coupling of nitriles and amines to form secondary aldimines. Angew Chem Int Ed
56:2074–2078
37. Chakraborty S, Milstein D (2017) Selective hydrogenation of nitriles to secondary imines
catalyzed by an iron pincer complex. ACS Catal 7:3968–3972
38. Li H, Al-Dakhil A, Lupp D, Gholap SS, Lai Z, Liang LC, Huang KW (2018) Cobalt-catalyzed
selective hydrogenation of nitriles to secondary imines. Org Lett 20:6430–6435
39. Dai H, Guan H (2018) Switching the selectivity of cobalt-catalyzed hydrogenation of nitriles.
ACS Catal 8:9125–9130
40. Grigg R, Mitchell TRB, Sutthivaiyakit S, Tongpenyai N (1981) Oxidation of alcohols by
transition metal complexes part V. selective catalytic monoalkylation of arylacetonitriles by
alcohols. Tetrahedron Lett 22:4107–4110
41. Alos J, Bolano T, Esteruelas MA, Olivan M, Onate E, Valencia M (2014) POP-pincer
ruthenium complexes: d(6) counterparts of osmium d(4) species. Inorg Chem 53:1195–1209
42. Thiyagarajan S, Gunanathan C (2017) Facile ruthenium(II)-catalyzed α-alkylation of
arylmethyl nitriles using alcohols enabled by metal–ligand cooperation. ACS Catal
7:5483–5490
43. Huo R-P, Zhang X, Zhang C-F, Li X-X (2019) Computational insight into the mechanism of
ruthenium(II)-catalyzed α-alkylation of arylmethyl nitriles using alcohols. J Phys Chem A
123:10263–10272
374
B. Guo et al.
nitriles to primary amines catalyzed by ruthenium pincer complexes. Scope and mechanism.
ChemCatChem 9:559–563
25. Bornschein C, Werkmeister S, Wendt B, Jiao H, Alberico E, Baumann W, Junge H, Junge K,
Beller M (2014) Mild and selective hydrogenation of aromatic and aliphatic (di)nitriles with a
well-defined iron pincer complex. Nat Commun 5:4111
26. Alberico E, Sponholz P, Cordes C, Nielsen M, Drexler H-J, Baumann W, Junge H, Beller M
(2013) Selective hydrogen production from methanol with a defined iron pincer catalyst under
mild conditions. Angew Chem Int Ed 52:14162–14166
27. Lange S, Elangovan S, Cordes C, Spannenberg A, Jiao H, Junge H, Bachmann S, Scalone M,
Topf C, Junge K, Beller M (2016) Selective catalytic hydrogenation of nitriles to primary
amines using iron pincer complexes. Cat Sci Technol 6:4768–4772
28. Elangovan S, Topf C, Fischer S, Jiao H, Spannenberg A, Baumann W, Ludwig R, Junge K,
Beller M (2016) Selective catalytic hydrogenations of nitriles, ketones, and aldehydes by welldefined manganese pincer complexes. J Am Chem Soc 138:8809–8814
29. Mukherjee A, Srimani D, Chakraborty S, Ben-David Y, Milstein D (2015) Selective hydrogenation of nitriles to primary amines catalyzed by a cobalt pincer complex. J Am Chem Soc
137:8888–8891
30. Tokmic K, Jackson BJ, Salazar A, Woods TJ, Fout AR (2017) Cobalt-catalyzed and Lewis
acid-assisted nitrile hydrogenation to primary amines: a combined effort. J Am Chem Soc
139:13554–13561
31. Schneekönig J, Tannert B, Hornke H, Beller M, Junge K (2019) Cobalt pincer complexes for
catalytic reduction of nitriles to primary amines. Cat Sci Technol 9:1779–1783
32. Shao Z, Fu S, Wei M, Zhou S, Liu Q (2016) Mild and selective cobalt-catalyzed
chemodivergent transfer hydrogenation of nitriles. Angew Chem Int Ed 55:14653–14657
33. Srimani D, Feller M, Ben-David Y, Milstein D (2012) Catalytic coupling of nitriles with
amines to selectively form imines under mild hydrogen pressure. Chem Commun
48:11853–11855
34. Choi J-H, Prechtl MHG (2015) Tuneable hydrogenation of nitriles into imines or amines with
a ruthenium pincer complex under mild conditions. ChemCatChem 7:1023–1028
35. Chakraborty S, Berke H (2014) Homogeneous hydrogenation of nitriles catalyzed by molybdenum and tungsten amides. ACS Catal 4:2191–2194
36. Chakraborty S, Leitus G, Milstein D (2017) Iron-catalyzed mild and selective hydrogenative
cross-coupling of nitriles and amines to form secondary aldimines. Angew Chem Int Ed
56:2074–2078
37. Chakraborty S, Milstein D (2017) Selective hydrogenation of nitriles to secondary imines
catalyzed by an iron pincer complex. ACS Catal 7:3968–3972
38. Li H, Al-Dakhil A, Lupp D, Gholap SS, Lai Z, Liang LC, Huang KW (2018) Cobalt-catalyzed
selective hydrogenation of nitriles to secondary imines. Org Lett 20:6430–6435
39. Dai H, Guan H (2018) Switching the selectivity of cobalt-catalyzed hydrogenation of nitriles.
ACS Catal 8:9125–9130
40. Grigg R, Mitchell TRB, Sutthivaiyakit S, Tongpenyai N (1981) Oxidation of alcohols by
transition metal complexes part V. selective catalytic monoalkylation of arylacetonitriles by
alcohols. Tetrahedron Lett 22:4107–4110
41. Alos J, Bolano T, Esteruelas MA, Olivan M, Onate E, Valencia M (2014) POP-pincer
ruthenium complexes: d(6) counterparts of osmium d(4) species. Inorg Chem 53:1195–1209
42. Thiyagarajan S, Gunanathan C (2017) Facile ruthenium(II)-catalyzed α-alkylation of
arylmethyl nitriles using alcohols enabled by metal–ligand cooperation. ACS Catal
7:5483–5490
43. Huo R-P, Zhang X, Zhang C-F, Li X-X (2019) Computational insight into the mechanism of
ruthenium(II)-catalyzed α-alkylation of arylmethyl nitriles using alcohols. J Phys Chem A
123:10263–10272
374
B. Guo et al.