420
T. Hishinuma et al.
Table 27.1 Amount of input materials in the paddy rice farming scenario at Shiga prefecture
Scenario
Conventional
Organic fertilizer
Base
fertilization
Artificial
fertilizer
P fertilizer
Organic
fertilizer
P fertilizer
Application rate
[kg/ha]
250
800
500
493
(N–P–K)
(40–13–25)
(0–21–0)
(40–11–21)
(0–13–0)
Additional
fertilization
Artificial fertilizer
Organic fertilizer
Application rate
(kg/ha)
200
300
(N–P–K)
(36–3–17)
(30–8–25)
Seed
sterilization
Number of
components
3
–
Application rate
(kg/ha)
2.3
Herbicides
Number of
components
7
3
Application rate
(kg/ha)
15.2
5.2
Pesticides
Number of
components
4
3
Application rate
(kg/ha)
21.4
11.4
Brown rice yield (kg/ha)
5670
5460
(2) Scenario analysis of manure application to the paddy rice farming system
Composted animal manure is widely applied to agricultural fields to achieve increased
soil nutrient content and is promoted by laws and ordinance as the practice for
environmental conservation-type agriculture.
Using scenario analysis, we compared the environmental impact of the paddy
rice farming system when applying composted livestock manure instead of artificial fertilizers with a conventional system using artificial fertilizers. The analysis
compared environmental impacts through three fertilizer scenarios: artificial fertilizer, manure and artificial fertilizer, and manure. The amounts of input materials
and rice yield for each scenario for analysis were collected from the experimental
report of paddy rice yields under continuous manure application on full-scale fields
in Tochigi (Table 27.2) (Maeda 2001).
The artificial fertilizer scenario utilized 1117 kg/ha of artificial fertilizers, with
the amount of nitrogen applied being 98 kg/ha. The manure scenario used 32,000 kg
of manure, of which the nitrogen input was 694 kg/ha. At the manure and artificial
fertilizer scenario, artificial fertilizers were inputted at 518 kg/ha, and manure at
32,000 kg/ha, with the total nitrogen input being calculated at 741 kg/ha. The input
T. Hishinuma et al.
Table 27.1 Amount of input materials in the paddy rice farming scenario at Shiga prefecture
Scenario
Conventional
Organic fertilizer
Base
fertilization
Artificial
fertilizer
P fertilizer
Organic
fertilizer
P fertilizer
Application rate
[kg/ha]
250
800
500
493
(N–P–K)
(40–13–25)
(0–21–0)
(40–11–21)
(0–13–0)
Additional
fertilization
Artificial fertilizer
Organic fertilizer
Application rate
(kg/ha)
200
300
(N–P–K)
(36–3–17)
(30–8–25)
Seed
sterilization
Number of
components
3
–
Application rate
(kg/ha)
2.3
Herbicides
Number of
components
7
3
Application rate
(kg/ha)
15.2
5.2
Pesticides
Number of
components
4
3
Application rate
(kg/ha)
21.4
11.4
Brown rice yield (kg/ha)
5670
5460
(2) Scenario analysis of manure application to the paddy rice farming system
Composted animal manure is widely applied to agricultural fields to achieve increased
soil nutrient content and is promoted by laws and ordinance as the practice for
environmental conservation-type agriculture.
Using scenario analysis, we compared the environmental impact of the paddy
rice farming system when applying composted livestock manure instead of artificial fertilizers with a conventional system using artificial fertilizers. The analysis
compared environmental impacts through three fertilizer scenarios: artificial fertilizer, manure and artificial fertilizer, and manure. The amounts of input materials
and rice yield for each scenario for analysis were collected from the experimental
report of paddy rice yields under continuous manure application on full-scale fields
in Tochigi (Table 27.2) (Maeda 2001).
The artificial fertilizer scenario utilized 1117 kg/ha of artificial fertilizers, with
the amount of nitrogen applied being 98 kg/ha. The manure scenario used 32,000 kg
of manure, of which the nitrogen input was 694 kg/ha. At the manure and artificial
fertilizer scenario, artificial fertilizers were inputted at 518 kg/ha, and manure at
32,000 kg/ha, with the total nitrogen input being calculated at 741 kg/ha. The input