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techniques, the proper placement of strain gauges and the interpretation of the measured results
requires further analysis. The inference of load-carrying capability and safety for a particular
component is a result of the overall experimental program.
REFERENCES
1. Hibbeler, R.C., Mechanics of Materials, 5th ed., Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 2002.
2. Timoshenko, S. P., and J. M. Goodier, Theory of Elasticity, Engineering Society Monographs,
McGraw-Hill, New York, 1970.
3. Dally, J. W., and W. F. Riley, Experimental Stress Analysis, 3rd ed., McGraw-Hill, New York,
1991.
4. Thomson, W. (Lord Kelvin), On the electrodynamic qualities of metals, Philosophical
Transactions of the Royal Society (London) 146: 649–751, 1856.
5. Micro-Measurements Division, Measurements Group, Inc., Strain Gauge Selection: Criteria,
Procedures, Recommendations, Technical Note 505-1, Raleigh, NC, 1989.
6. Micro-Measurements Division, Measurements Group, Inc., Strain Gauge Technical Data,
Catalog 500, Part B, and TN-509: Errors Due to Transverse Sensitivity in Strain Gauges,
Raleigh, NC, 1982.
7. Kulite Semiconductor Products, Inc, Bulletin KSG-5E: Semiconductor Strain Gauges, Leonia,
NJ.
8. Weymouth, L. J., J. E. Starr, and J. Dorsey, Bonded resistance strain gauges, Experimental
Mechanics 6(4): 19A, 1966.
9. Oi, K., Transient response of bonded strain gauges, Experimental Mechanics 6(9): 463, 1966.
10. Brewster, D., On the effects of simple pressure in producing that species of crystallization which
forms two oppositely polarized images and exhibits the complementary colours by polarized
light, Philosophical Transactions A 105: 60, 1815.
11. Maxwell, J. C., On the equilibrium of elastic solids, Transactions of the Royal Society 20
(Part I): 87, 1853.
12. Neumann, F. E., Uber Gesetze der Doppelbrechung des Lichtes in comprimierten oder
ungleichformig Erwamten unkrystallischen Korpern, Abh. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, Part II: 1, 1841
(in German).
13. Sciammarella, C. A., The moir e method—a review, Experimental Mechanics 22(11): 418, 1982.
14. Post, D., Moir e interferometry at VPI & SU, Experimental Mechanics 23(2): 203, 1983.
15. Post, D., Moir e interferometry for deformation and strain studies, Optical Engineering 24(4):
663, 1985.
NOMENCLATURE
b
width (l )
c
speed of sound (l t
À1 )
h
height (l )
n i
index of refraction in the direction of the
principal strain in the i direction
(u d ) x design-stage uncertainty in the variable x
A c
cross-sectional area (l
2 )
D
diameter (l )
E m
modulus of elasticity (ml
À1
t
À2
)
E i
input voltage (V)
E o
output voltage (V)
e i
strain gauge lateral sensitivity error as a
percentage of axial strain
F N
force normal to A c (m l t
À2 )
498 Chapter 11 Strain Measurement
13:14:5 Page 498
techniques, the proper placement of strain gauges and the interpretation of the measured results
requires further analysis. The inference of load-carrying capability and safety for a particular
component is a result of the overall experimental program.
REFERENCES
1. Hibbeler, R.C., Mechanics of Materials, 5th ed., Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 2002.
2. Timoshenko, S. P., and J. M. Goodier, Theory of Elasticity, Engineering Society Monographs,
McGraw-Hill, New York, 1970.
3. Dally, J. W., and W. F. Riley, Experimental Stress Analysis, 3rd ed., McGraw-Hill, New York,
1991.
4. Thomson, W. (Lord Kelvin), On the electrodynamic qualities of metals, Philosophical
Transactions of the Royal Society (London) 146: 649–751, 1856.
5. Micro-Measurements Division, Measurements Group, Inc., Strain Gauge Selection: Criteria,
Procedures, Recommendations, Technical Note 505-1, Raleigh, NC, 1989.
6. Micro-Measurements Division, Measurements Group, Inc., Strain Gauge Technical Data,
Catalog 500, Part B, and TN-509: Errors Due to Transverse Sensitivity in Strain Gauges,
Raleigh, NC, 1982.
7. Kulite Semiconductor Products, Inc, Bulletin KSG-5E: Semiconductor Strain Gauges, Leonia,
NJ.
8. Weymouth, L. J., J. E. Starr, and J. Dorsey, Bonded resistance strain gauges, Experimental
Mechanics 6(4): 19A, 1966.
9. Oi, K., Transient response of bonded strain gauges, Experimental Mechanics 6(9): 463, 1966.
10. Brewster, D., On the effects of simple pressure in producing that species of crystallization which
forms two oppositely polarized images and exhibits the complementary colours by polarized
light, Philosophical Transactions A 105: 60, 1815.
11. Maxwell, J. C., On the equilibrium of elastic solids, Transactions of the Royal Society 20
(Part I): 87, 1853.
12. Neumann, F. E., Uber Gesetze der Doppelbrechung des Lichtes in comprimierten oder
ungleichformig Erwamten unkrystallischen Korpern, Abh. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, Part II: 1, 1841
(in German).
13. Sciammarella, C. A., The moir e method—a review, Experimental Mechanics 22(11): 418, 1982.
14. Post, D., Moir e interferometry at VPI & SU, Experimental Mechanics 23(2): 203, 1983.
15. Post, D., Moir e interferometry for deformation and strain studies, Optical Engineering 24(4):
663, 1985.
NOMENCLATURE
b
width (l )
c
speed of sound (l t
À1 )
h
height (l )
n i
index of refraction in the direction of the
principal strain in the i direction
(u d ) x design-stage uncertainty in the variable x
A c
cross-sectional area (l
2 )
D
diameter (l )
E m
modulus of elasticity (ml
À1
t
À2
)
E i
input voltage (V)
E o
output voltage (V)
e i
strain gauge lateral sensitivity error as a
percentage of axial strain
F N
force normal to A c (m l t
À2 )
498 Chapter 11 Strain Measurement