228
10 Spintronics Applications
Fig. 10.2 List of spintronics devices (Taken from Hirohataa and Yamadab 2020)
transport. The second generation utilizes spin–orbit effects, electric field and electromagnetic wave applications. The most recent development has been entered into the
third generation employing three-dimensional structures and quantum engineering,
including the applications for quantum computation. However, in order for spintronic
devices to meet the ever-increasing demands of the industry, innovation in terms of
materials, processes and circuits are required.
10.3 Read Head in Magnetic Data Storage
10.3.1 Application of GMR Effect
• The very basic application of GMR effect is the advent of magnetic field sensors,
which are largely employed as read head sensor in hard disk drives to read data,
biosensors, micro electromechanical systems (MEMS) and other devices.
• GMR multilayer structures can also be utilized as cells that are capable to
store one bit of information in magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM)
devices.
• Automotive sensors, solid-state compasses, non-volatile magnetic memories are
some other diversified applications of GMR-based devices.
10 Spintronics Applications
Fig. 10.2 List of spintronics devices (Taken from Hirohataa and Yamadab 2020)
transport. The second generation utilizes spin–orbit effects, electric field and electromagnetic wave applications. The most recent development has been entered into the
third generation employing three-dimensional structures and quantum engineering,
including the applications for quantum computation. However, in order for spintronic
devices to meet the ever-increasing demands of the industry, innovation in terms of
materials, processes and circuits are required.
10.3 Read Head in Magnetic Data Storage
10.3.1 Application of GMR Effect
• The very basic application of GMR effect is the advent of magnetic field sensors,
which are largely employed as read head sensor in hard disk drives to read data,
biosensors, micro electromechanical systems (MEMS) and other devices.
• GMR multilayer structures can also be utilized as cells that are capable to
store one bit of information in magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM)
devices.
• Automotive sensors, solid-state compasses, non-volatile magnetic memories are
some other diversified applications of GMR-based devices.