53. Kuwayama M, Vajta G, Kato O, Leibo SP
(2005) Highly efficient vitrification method
for cryopreservation of human oocytes. Reprod
Biomed Online 11:300–308
54. Kuwayama M (2007) Highly efficient vitrification for cryopreservation of human oocytes
and embryos: the Cryotop method. Theriogenology 67:73–80
55. Cao YX, Xing Q, Li L, Cong L, Zhang ZG, Wei
ZL, Zhou P (2009) Comparison of survival
and embryonic development in human oocytes
cryopreserved by slow-freezing and vitrification. Fertil Steril 92:1306–1311
56. Fadini R, Brambillasca F, Renzini MM,
Merola M, Comi R, De Ponti E, Dal Canto
MB (2009) Human oocyte cryopreservation:
comparison between slow and ultrarapid methods. Reprod Biomed Online 19:171–180
57. Edgar DH, Gook DA (2012) A critical
appraisal of cryopreservation (slow cooling versus vitrification) of human oocytes and
embryos. Hum Reprod Update 18:536–554
58. Noyes N, Knopman J, Labella P, McCaffrey C,
Clark-Williams M, Grifo J (2010) Oocyte cryopreservation
outcomes
including
pre-cryopreservation and post-thaw meiotic
spindle evaluation following slow cooling and
vitrification of human oocytes. Fertil Steril
94:2078–2082
59. Cobo A, Diaz C (2012) Clinical application of
oocyte vitrification: a systematic review and
meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Fertil Steril 96:277–285
60. Cobo A, Coello A, Remohı ´ J, Serrano J, de Los
Santos JM, Meseguer M (2017) Effect of
oocyte vitrification on embryo quality: timelapse analysis and morphokinetic evaluation.
Fertil Steril 108:491–497.e3
61. Rienzi L, Gracia C, Maggiulli R, LaBarbera
AR, Kaser DJ, Ubaldi FM, Vanderpoel S,
Racowsky C (2017) Oocyte, embryo and blastocyst cryopreservation in ART: systematic
review and meta-analysis comparing slowfreezing versus vitrification to produce evidence for the development of global guidance.
Hum Reprod Update 23:139–155
62. Paynter SJ (2000) Current status of the cryopreservation of human unfertilised oocytes.
Hum Reprod Update 6:449–456
63. Fabbri R, Porcu E, Marsella T, Rocchetta G,
Venturoli S, Flamigni C (2001) Human oocyte
cryopreservation: new perspectives regarding
oocyte survival. Hum Reprod 16:411–416
64. Paynter SJ, Borini A, Bianchi V, De Santis L,
Flamigni C, Coticchio G (2005) Volume
changes of mature human oocytes on exposure
to cryoprotectant solutions used in slow cooling procedures. Hum Reprod 20:1194–1199
65. Stachecki JJ, Cohen J, Willadsen SM (1998)
Cryopreservation of unfertilized mouse
oocytes: the effect of replacing sodium with
choline in the freezing medium. Cryobiology
37:346–354
66. Quintans CJ, Donaldson MJ, Bertolino MV,
Pasqualini RS (2002) Birth of two babies
using oocytes that were cryopreserved in a
choline-based freezing medium. Hum Reprod
17:3149–3152
67. Fahy GM, Wowk B, Wu J, Paynter SJ (2004)
Improved vitrification solutions based on the
predictability of vitrification solution toxicity.
Cryobiology 48:22–35
68. Robles V, Valcarce DG, Riesco MF (2019) The
use of antifreeze proteins in the cryopreservation of gametes and embryos. Biomol Ther
9:181
69. Shaw PW, Bernard AG, Fuller BJ et al (1992)
Vitrification of mouse oocytes using short
cryoprotectant exposure: effects of varying
exposure times on survival. Mol Reprod Dev
33:210–214
70. O’Neil L, Paynter SJ, Fuller BJ, Shaw RW
(1997) Vitrification of mature mouse oocytes:
improved results following addition of polyethylene glycol to a dimethyl sulfoxide solution.
Cryobiology 34:295–301
71. O’Neil L, Paynter SJ, Fuller BJ, Shaw RW
(1999) Birth of live young from mouse oocytes
vitrified in 6 M dimethyl sulfoxide supplemented with 1 mg/ml polyethylene glycol. Cryobiology 39:284
72. Kohaya N, Fujiwara K, Ito J, Kashiwazaki N
(2011) High developmental rates of mouse
oocytes cryopreserved by an optimized vitrification protocol: the effects of cryoprotectants,
calcium and cumulus cells. J Reprod Dev
57:675–680
73. Watanabe H, Kohaya N, Kamoshita M et al
(2013) Efficient production of live offspring
from mouse oocytes vitrified with a novel cryoprotective agent, carboxylated ε-poly-L-lysine.
PLoS One 8:e83613
74. De Munck N, Verheyen G, Van Landuyt L,
Stoop D, Van de Velde H (2013) Survival and
post-warming in vitro competence of human
oocytes after high security closed system vitrification. J Assist Reprod Genet 30:361–359
454
Victoria Keros and Barry J. Fuller
(2005) Highly efficient vitrification method
for cryopreservation of human oocytes. Reprod
Biomed Online 11:300–308
54. Kuwayama M (2007) Highly efficient vitrification for cryopreservation of human oocytes
and embryos: the Cryotop method. Theriogenology 67:73–80
55. Cao YX, Xing Q, Li L, Cong L, Zhang ZG, Wei
ZL, Zhou P (2009) Comparison of survival
and embryonic development in human oocytes
cryopreserved by slow-freezing and vitrification. Fertil Steril 92:1306–1311
56. Fadini R, Brambillasca F, Renzini MM,
Merola M, Comi R, De Ponti E, Dal Canto
MB (2009) Human oocyte cryopreservation:
comparison between slow and ultrarapid methods. Reprod Biomed Online 19:171–180
57. Edgar DH, Gook DA (2012) A critical
appraisal of cryopreservation (slow cooling versus vitrification) of human oocytes and
embryos. Hum Reprod Update 18:536–554
58. Noyes N, Knopman J, Labella P, McCaffrey C,
Clark-Williams M, Grifo J (2010) Oocyte cryopreservation
outcomes
including
pre-cryopreservation and post-thaw meiotic
spindle evaluation following slow cooling and
vitrification of human oocytes. Fertil Steril
94:2078–2082
59. Cobo A, Diaz C (2012) Clinical application of
oocyte vitrification: a systematic review and
meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Fertil Steril 96:277–285
60. Cobo A, Coello A, Remohı ´ J, Serrano J, de Los
Santos JM, Meseguer M (2017) Effect of
oocyte vitrification on embryo quality: timelapse analysis and morphokinetic evaluation.
Fertil Steril 108:491–497.e3
61. Rienzi L, Gracia C, Maggiulli R, LaBarbera
AR, Kaser DJ, Ubaldi FM, Vanderpoel S,
Racowsky C (2017) Oocyte, embryo and blastocyst cryopreservation in ART: systematic
review and meta-analysis comparing slowfreezing versus vitrification to produce evidence for the development of global guidance.
Hum Reprod Update 23:139–155
62. Paynter SJ (2000) Current status of the cryopreservation of human unfertilised oocytes.
Hum Reprod Update 6:449–456
63. Fabbri R, Porcu E, Marsella T, Rocchetta G,
Venturoli S, Flamigni C (2001) Human oocyte
cryopreservation: new perspectives regarding
oocyte survival. Hum Reprod 16:411–416
64. Paynter SJ, Borini A, Bianchi V, De Santis L,
Flamigni C, Coticchio G (2005) Volume
changes of mature human oocytes on exposure
to cryoprotectant solutions used in slow cooling procedures. Hum Reprod 20:1194–1199
65. Stachecki JJ, Cohen J, Willadsen SM (1998)
Cryopreservation of unfertilized mouse
oocytes: the effect of replacing sodium with
choline in the freezing medium. Cryobiology
37:346–354
66. Quintans CJ, Donaldson MJ, Bertolino MV,
Pasqualini RS (2002) Birth of two babies
using oocytes that were cryopreserved in a
choline-based freezing medium. Hum Reprod
17:3149–3152
67. Fahy GM, Wowk B, Wu J, Paynter SJ (2004)
Improved vitrification solutions based on the
predictability of vitrification solution toxicity.
Cryobiology 48:22–35
68. Robles V, Valcarce DG, Riesco MF (2019) The
use of antifreeze proteins in the cryopreservation of gametes and embryos. Biomol Ther
9:181
69. Shaw PW, Bernard AG, Fuller BJ et al (1992)
Vitrification of mouse oocytes using short
cryoprotectant exposure: effects of varying
exposure times on survival. Mol Reprod Dev
33:210–214
70. O’Neil L, Paynter SJ, Fuller BJ, Shaw RW
(1997) Vitrification of mature mouse oocytes:
improved results following addition of polyethylene glycol to a dimethyl sulfoxide solution.
Cryobiology 34:295–301
71. O’Neil L, Paynter SJ, Fuller BJ, Shaw RW
(1999) Birth of live young from mouse oocytes
vitrified in 6 M dimethyl sulfoxide supplemented with 1 mg/ml polyethylene glycol. Cryobiology 39:284
72. Kohaya N, Fujiwara K, Ito J, Kashiwazaki N
(2011) High developmental rates of mouse
oocytes cryopreserved by an optimized vitrification protocol: the effects of cryoprotectants,
calcium and cumulus cells. J Reprod Dev
57:675–680
73. Watanabe H, Kohaya N, Kamoshita M et al
(2013) Efficient production of live offspring
from mouse oocytes vitrified with a novel cryoprotective agent, carboxylated ε-poly-L-lysine.
PLoS One 8:e83613
74. De Munck N, Verheyen G, Van Landuyt L,
Stoop D, Van de Velde H (2013) Survival and
post-warming in vitro competence of human
oocytes after high security closed system vitrification. J Assist Reprod Genet 30:361–359
454
Victoria Keros and Barry J. Fuller