38
2 Front-End Electronics
and the bandwidth is then increased to 53 Mbps, which is more than the available
bandwidth. Overlap between signal and the noise can be ignored as it amounts to
about
P occ · P noise ·
f i
f s
= 0, 009%
(2.8)
assuming that the noise pulse is only one sample long.
Continuous mode is less affected by noise, as can be seen in (2.9), and the bandwidth can be calculated to be 38 Mbps, which is within the available bandwidth. The
increase in bandwidth due to noise for continuous mode is 81% compared to the
triggered mode, where the increase is 100%.
BW cont wo/empt y w/noise = H b · f pkt · N ch ·
(1 − (1 − (P occ + P noise − (P occ · P noise )))
f i
f pkt ) +
D b · f i · N ch · (P occ + P noise )
(2.9)
References
1. H. Soltveit, J. Stachel, P. Braun-Munzinger, L. Musa, H. Gustafsson, U. Bonnes, H. Oeschler,
L. Osterman, and S. Lang, “The PreAmplifier ShAper for the ALICE TPC detector,” Nuclear
Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, vol. 676, pp. 106–119, Jun 2012.
2. R. Bosch, A. J. de Parga, B. Mota, and L. Musa, “The ALTRO chip: A 16-channel A/D converter
and digital processor for gas detectors,” IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, vol. 50, no. 6,
pp. 2460–2469, Dec 2003.
3. B. Mota, “Time-Domain Signal Processing Algorithms and their Implementation in the ALTRO
chip for the ALICE TPC,” Ph.D. dissertation, Ecole Polytechnique, Lausanne, Switzerland,
2003. [Online]. Available: http://cds.cern.ch/record/636665.
4. R. E. Bosch, “Study and design of the ALICE TPC front-end and readout electronics for the
CERN LHC,” Ph.D. dissertation, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain, 2003.
5. G. Trampitsch, “Design and Characterization of an Analogue Amplifier for the Readout of
Micro-Pattern Gaseous Detectors,” Ph.D. dissertation, Graz University of Technology, Graz,
Austria, 2007. [Online]. Available: http://cds.cern.ch/record/1472334.
6. P. Aspell, M. D. Gaspari, H. França, E. G. García, and L. Musa, “Super-Altro 16: A front-end
system-on-chip for DSP based readout of gaseous detectors,” IEEE Transactions on Nuclear
Science, vol. 60, no. 2, pp. 1289–1295, Apr 2013.
7. M. De Gaspari, “Systems-on-Chip (SoC) for applications in High-Energy Physics,” Ph.D.
dissertation, Inst. Appl. Math., Heidelberg, Germany, 2012. [Online]. Available: http://cds.
cern.ch/record/1607133.
8. E. J. G. García, “Novel Front-end Electronics for Time Projection Chamber Detectors,” Ph.D.
dissertation, Polytechnic University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain, 2012. [Online]. Available:
http://cds.cern.ch/record/1607134.
9. H. M. F. Santos, “Highly Integrated Mixed-Mode Electronics for the readout of Time Projection Chambers,” Ph.D. dissertation, Technical University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal, 2013.
[Online]. Available: http://cds.cern.ch/record/1563856.
2 Front-End Electronics
and the bandwidth is then increased to 53 Mbps, which is more than the available
bandwidth. Overlap between signal and the noise can be ignored as it amounts to
about
P occ · P noise ·
f i
f s
= 0, 009%
(2.8)
assuming that the noise pulse is only one sample long.
Continuous mode is less affected by noise, as can be seen in (2.9), and the bandwidth can be calculated to be 38 Mbps, which is within the available bandwidth. The
increase in bandwidth due to noise for continuous mode is 81% compared to the
triggered mode, where the increase is 100%.
BW cont wo/empt y w/noise = H b · f pkt · N ch ·
(1 − (1 − (P occ + P noise − (P occ · P noise )))
f i
f pkt ) +
D b · f i · N ch · (P occ + P noise )
(2.9)
References
1. H. Soltveit, J. Stachel, P. Braun-Munzinger, L. Musa, H. Gustafsson, U. Bonnes, H. Oeschler,
L. Osterman, and S. Lang, “The PreAmplifier ShAper for the ALICE TPC detector,” Nuclear
Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, vol. 676, pp. 106–119, Jun 2012.
2. R. Bosch, A. J. de Parga, B. Mota, and L. Musa, “The ALTRO chip: A 16-channel A/D converter
and digital processor for gas detectors,” IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, vol. 50, no. 6,
pp. 2460–2469, Dec 2003.
3. B. Mota, “Time-Domain Signal Processing Algorithms and their Implementation in the ALTRO
chip for the ALICE TPC,” Ph.D. dissertation, Ecole Polytechnique, Lausanne, Switzerland,
2003. [Online]. Available: http://cds.cern.ch/record/636665.
4. R. E. Bosch, “Study and design of the ALICE TPC front-end and readout electronics for the
CERN LHC,” Ph.D. dissertation, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain, 2003.
5. G. Trampitsch, “Design and Characterization of an Analogue Amplifier for the Readout of
Micro-Pattern Gaseous Detectors,” Ph.D. dissertation, Graz University of Technology, Graz,
Austria, 2007. [Online]. Available: http://cds.cern.ch/record/1472334.
6. P. Aspell, M. D. Gaspari, H. França, E. G. García, and L. Musa, “Super-Altro 16: A front-end
system-on-chip for DSP based readout of gaseous detectors,” IEEE Transactions on Nuclear
Science, vol. 60, no. 2, pp. 1289–1295, Apr 2013.
7. M. De Gaspari, “Systems-on-Chip (SoC) for applications in High-Energy Physics,” Ph.D.
dissertation, Inst. Appl. Math., Heidelberg, Germany, 2012. [Online]. Available: http://cds.
cern.ch/record/1607133.
8. E. J. G. García, “Novel Front-end Electronics for Time Projection Chamber Detectors,” Ph.D.
dissertation, Polytechnic University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain, 2012. [Online]. Available:
http://cds.cern.ch/record/1607134.
9. H. M. F. Santos, “Highly Integrated Mixed-Mode Electronics for the readout of Time Projection Chambers,” Ph.D. dissertation, Technical University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal, 2013.
[Online]. Available: http://cds.cern.ch/record/1563856.