Contents
Part I Normative Foundation
1 Introduction and Overview .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3
1.1 The Challenge of Competition, Safety, and Protection of
Human Health and the Environment for the Chemical Industry . . .
3
1.2 The Concept of Integrated Development .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4
1.3 Learning Goals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5
1.4 Structure and Content . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6
2 Technology, Risk, Precaution, and Sustainability .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9
2.1 Natural Science and Technology as the Basis of Industrial
Development.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9
2.2 Impacts of Technology .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.2.1 Ambivalence of Technical Progress . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.2.2 The Concept of Risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
2.2.3 Limits to the Concept of Risk and the Precautionary
Principle .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.3 The Concept of Sustainability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
2.3.1 Sustainable Development and Its Implementation . . . . . . . . 15
2.3.2 Sustainability and the Economy . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
2.3.3 The Implementation of Sustainability .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
2.4 Chemical Risks and Protection Areas . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
References .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
3 The Role of Legislation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
3.1 Varied Approaches to Legislation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
3.2 Developing Measures and Standards .. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
3.2.1 Reactive Legislation in Response to Relevant Events . . . . 28
3.2.2 Proactive Legislation in Alignment with Protection
Goals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
3.3 Product Legislation .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
3.3.1 Registration, Evaluation, Authorization, and
Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) in the EU . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
3.3.2 EU Classification and Labelling (CLP).. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
3.3.3 Pesticide Legislation in the EU . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
xiii
Part I Normative Foundation
1 Introduction and Overview .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3
1.1 The Challenge of Competition, Safety, and Protection of
Human Health and the Environment for the Chemical Industry . . .
3
1.2 The Concept of Integrated Development .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4
1.3 Learning Goals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5
1.4 Structure and Content . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6
2 Technology, Risk, Precaution, and Sustainability .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9
2.1 Natural Science and Technology as the Basis of Industrial
Development.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9
2.2 Impacts of Technology .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.2.1 Ambivalence of Technical Progress . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.2.2 The Concept of Risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
2.2.3 Limits to the Concept of Risk and the Precautionary
Principle .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.3 The Concept of Sustainability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
2.3.1 Sustainable Development and Its Implementation . . . . . . . . 15
2.3.2 Sustainability and the Economy . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
2.3.3 The Implementation of Sustainability .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
2.4 Chemical Risks and Protection Areas . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
References .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
3 The Role of Legislation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
3.1 Varied Approaches to Legislation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
3.2 Developing Measures and Standards .. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
3.2.1 Reactive Legislation in Response to Relevant Events . . . . 28
3.2.2 Proactive Legislation in Alignment with Protection
Goals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
3.3 Product Legislation .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
3.3.1 Registration, Evaluation, Authorization, and
Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) in the EU . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
3.3.2 EU Classification and Labelling (CLP).. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
3.3.3 Pesticide Legislation in the EU . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
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