Figure 6.2 Heat capacity ratio of a nanofluid consisting of ethylene glycol and copper. The ratio is
defined as the heat capacity of the nanofluid over that of pure ethylene glycol.
negaƟve charges
posiƟve charges
(b)
(a)
Figure 6.1 Mechanisms of colloid stabilization: (a) steric stabilization and (b) stabilization by
electrostatic charges.
124j 6 Nanofluids