5.2 Interphase Characterisation of PVA-Based Bionanocomposites
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parameter to evaluate the effects of fully or partially embedded nanoparticles in PVAbased bionanocomposites, which can be specified as (V Interphase ) f and (V Interphase ) p ,
respectively. Figures 5.10c and 5.11a, b display the interphase modulus (E Interphase )
(b)
(a)
(d)
(c)
(e)
Fig. 5.10 2D AFM height mapping images of PVA/NBC bionanocomposites: a fully embedded
NBCs and b partially embedded NBCs, c relationship between interphase area (SA Interphase ) and
interphase modulus (E Interphase ), d schematic diagram for two proposed interphase zones and
e relationship between interphase volume (V Interphase ) and interphase modulus (E Interphase ) [3]
129
parameter to evaluate the effects of fully or partially embedded nanoparticles in PVAbased bionanocomposites, which can be specified as (V Interphase ) f and (V Interphase ) p ,
respectively. Figures 5.10c and 5.11a, b display the interphase modulus (E Interphase )
(b)
(a)
(d)
(c)
(e)
Fig. 5.10 2D AFM height mapping images of PVA/NBC bionanocomposites: a fully embedded
NBCs and b partially embedded NBCs, c relationship between interphase area (SA Interphase ) and
interphase modulus (E Interphase ), d schematic diagram for two proposed interphase zones and
e relationship between interphase volume (V Interphase ) and interphase modulus (E Interphase ) [3]