system. In order to overcome the shortcomings of solid lipid
nanoparticles, hybrid lipid nanocarriers, also known as nanostructured lipid nanocarriers or the second-generation lipid nanocarriers, have been developed [5, 6].
The hybrid lipid nanocarriers are composed of a combination
of solid lipid and liquid lipid. Since the liquid lipid is added to the
nanocarrier, the lipids are present in a crystalline defect or amorphous structure state. As a result, hybrid lipid nanocarriers have a
higher drug loading capability and suffer less drug leakage during
preparation and storage compared to the pure lipid nanocarriers
[7]. The catanionic nanovesicles are easily formed. The catanionic
nanovesicles are thermodynamically stable systems composed of
oppositely charged surfactants [8, 9].
In the research of antitumor delivery systems, the catanionic
nanovesicles are attracting more and more attention, partly due to
their ability to increase stability [10], adsorption [11], cellular
uptake [12], apoptosis induction, tumor cell cytotoxicity, and antitumorigenic effect [13].
Curcumin (CC) is a yellow polyphenolic compound extracted
from the rhizome of Curcuma longa. CC has been widely used to
cure various cancers such as lung cancer, breast cancer, stomach
cancer, and colon cancer [14]. However, CC has poor water solubility, easy photodegradation, chemical instability, low bioavailability, rapid metabolism, and fast systematic clearance. The
unsatisfactory properties of CC severely hinder its clinical
application [15].
In this chapter, we report the preparation of curcumin-loaded
catanionic hybrid lipid nanovesicles (CC@CHLNV) (Fig. 1) evaluation of its pharmacokinetics, and anticancer properties in vitro and
in vivo. CC@CHLNV consists of solid lipids, liquid lipids, and
anionic surfactants and inherit the merits of hybrid lipid nanocarriers and catanionic nanovesicles. CC@CHLNV improved the solubility of CC, enhanced CC uptake, inhibited CC efflux, and
greatly improved oral bioavailability of CC. Moreover,
CC@CHLNV improved cell growth inhibition, apoptotic inducing
and anti-invasion effects, and reduced cancerous growth.
2 Materials
Prepare all solutions using ultrapure water (25
C, 18.2 Ω) and
operate all processes at room temperature (unless indicated otherwise). Use analytical grade reagents unless indicated otherwise.
Perform all animal experiments in accordance with the protocol
approved by the Institutional Animal Ethics Committee.
58
Xuemei Xie et al.
nanoparticles, hybrid lipid nanocarriers, also known as nanostructured lipid nanocarriers or the second-generation lipid nanocarriers, have been developed [5, 6].
The hybrid lipid nanocarriers are composed of a combination
of solid lipid and liquid lipid. Since the liquid lipid is added to the
nanocarrier, the lipids are present in a crystalline defect or amorphous structure state. As a result, hybrid lipid nanocarriers have a
higher drug loading capability and suffer less drug leakage during
preparation and storage compared to the pure lipid nanocarriers
[7]. The catanionic nanovesicles are easily formed. The catanionic
nanovesicles are thermodynamically stable systems composed of
oppositely charged surfactants [8, 9].
In the research of antitumor delivery systems, the catanionic
nanovesicles are attracting more and more attention, partly due to
their ability to increase stability [10], adsorption [11], cellular
uptake [12], apoptosis induction, tumor cell cytotoxicity, and antitumorigenic effect [13].
Curcumin (CC) is a yellow polyphenolic compound extracted
from the rhizome of Curcuma longa. CC has been widely used to
cure various cancers such as lung cancer, breast cancer, stomach
cancer, and colon cancer [14]. However, CC has poor water solubility, easy photodegradation, chemical instability, low bioavailability, rapid metabolism, and fast systematic clearance. The
unsatisfactory properties of CC severely hinder its clinical
application [15].
In this chapter, we report the preparation of curcumin-loaded
catanionic hybrid lipid nanovesicles (CC@CHLNV) (Fig. 1) evaluation of its pharmacokinetics, and anticancer properties in vitro and
in vivo. CC@CHLNV consists of solid lipids, liquid lipids, and
anionic surfactants and inherit the merits of hybrid lipid nanocarriers and catanionic nanovesicles. CC@CHLNV improved the solubility of CC, enhanced CC uptake, inhibited CC efflux, and
greatly improved oral bioavailability of CC. Moreover,
CC@CHLNV improved cell growth inhibition, apoptotic inducing
and anti-invasion effects, and reduced cancerous growth.
2 Materials
Prepare all solutions using ultrapure water (25
C, 18.2 Ω) and
operate all processes at room temperature (unless indicated otherwise). Use analytical grade reagents unless indicated otherwise.
Perform all animal experiments in accordance with the protocol
approved by the Institutional Animal Ethics Committee.
58
Xuemei Xie et al.