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5 Variational Problems of Conditional Extrema
from the University of Göttingen. Began to practice medicine in London in 1899.
Was appointed professor of natural philosophy at the Royal Institute in 1801. Was
elected a member of the Royal Society in 1794. Explained the regulation principle
of eyes with the crystalline lens curvature change in 1793. In 1800, this Discussed
the light and sound similar in 1800, and proposed the superposition principle of
wave. Proposed the trichromatic theory of light in 1802. Explicitly expounded the
principle of interference of light. Proposed the Young’s modulus which can represent
the constant of elastic material characteristics in 1807. Proposed the thought that
light is a transverse wave in 1817年. The works had On the Theory of Light and
Colours (1802), Experiments and Calculations Relative to Physical Optics (1804),
A Course of Lectures on Natural Philosophy and the Mechanical Arts (1807) and
Miscellaneous Works of the Late Thomas Young (3 volumes, 1855, 2003) etc.
Mayer (Christian Gustav Adolph, 1839.2.15–1908.4.11) German mathematician.
Born in Leipzig, died in Gries bei Bozen, Italy. Successively studied mathematics
and physics at the Universities of Leipzig, Göttingen, Heidelberg and Königsberg. received his doctorate from the University of Heidelberg in 1861. Served
as a professor in 1871, served as a professor at the University of Königsberg in
1890. The main research field was integral theory, calculus of variations and theoretical mechanics. Developed the second variational theory, provided a theorem
for extremal field, Extended the Hilbert independence theorem to the Lagrangian
problem, obtained the Mayer problem. In terms of differential equations, proposed
the Mayer integral method and Mayer reciprocity law of the first order partial differential equations. The works had Beiträge zur Theorie der Maxima und Minima
einfacher Integrale (1866), Geschichte des Princips der kleinsten Action (1877) and
Gleichgewichtsbedingungen reibungsloser Punktsysteme. Arten des Gleichgewichts
(1899).
Bolza (Oskar, 1857.5.12–1942.7.5) German mathematician. Born in Bad Bergzabern, died in Freiburg, Studied department of physics, University of Berlin in 1875,
transferred to the department of mathematics in 1878, was a student of Weierstrass.
Obtained a doctor’s degree in philosophy at the University of Göttingen in 1886.
Went to the United States in 1888, First taught at the Johns Hopkins University and
Clark University, later served as a professor at the University of Chicago. During his
stay in the United States, had served as vice President of American Mathematical
Society. Returned to his country in 1910, served as honorary professor at the University of Freiburg. had intensive research for elliptic function, hyperelliptic function
and integral, after 1901 studied calculus of variations, had widely taught the calculus
of variations in the United States and Europe, The Bolza problem proposed in 1913
was one of the basic problems in classical variational methods, unified the Lagrange
problem and Mayer problem in his theory. Also studied the general equation, integral equation and linear differential equation of second order, etc. The works had
The elliptics-functions considered as a special case of the hyperelliptic s-functions
(1900), Lectures on the Calculus of Variations (1904, 1960, 2005), Vorlesungen über
Variationsrechnung (1909) and Glaubenlose Religion (1930) etc.
5 Variational Problems of Conditional Extrema
from the University of Göttingen. Began to practice medicine in London in 1899.
Was appointed professor of natural philosophy at the Royal Institute in 1801. Was
elected a member of the Royal Society in 1794. Explained the regulation principle
of eyes with the crystalline lens curvature change in 1793. In 1800, this Discussed
the light and sound similar in 1800, and proposed the superposition principle of
wave. Proposed the trichromatic theory of light in 1802. Explicitly expounded the
principle of interference of light. Proposed the Young’s modulus which can represent
the constant of elastic material characteristics in 1807. Proposed the thought that
light is a transverse wave in 1817年. The works had On the Theory of Light and
Colours (1802), Experiments and Calculations Relative to Physical Optics (1804),
A Course of Lectures on Natural Philosophy and the Mechanical Arts (1807) and
Miscellaneous Works of the Late Thomas Young (3 volumes, 1855, 2003) etc.
Mayer (Christian Gustav Adolph, 1839.2.15–1908.4.11) German mathematician.
Born in Leipzig, died in Gries bei Bozen, Italy. Successively studied mathematics
and physics at the Universities of Leipzig, Göttingen, Heidelberg and Königsberg. received his doctorate from the University of Heidelberg in 1861. Served
as a professor in 1871, served as a professor at the University of Königsberg in
1890. The main research field was integral theory, calculus of variations and theoretical mechanics. Developed the second variational theory, provided a theorem
for extremal field, Extended the Hilbert independence theorem to the Lagrangian
problem, obtained the Mayer problem. In terms of differential equations, proposed
the Mayer integral method and Mayer reciprocity law of the first order partial differential equations. The works had Beiträge zur Theorie der Maxima und Minima
einfacher Integrale (1866), Geschichte des Princips der kleinsten Action (1877) and
Gleichgewichtsbedingungen reibungsloser Punktsysteme. Arten des Gleichgewichts
(1899).
Bolza (Oskar, 1857.5.12–1942.7.5) German mathematician. Born in Bad Bergzabern, died in Freiburg, Studied department of physics, University of Berlin in 1875,
transferred to the department of mathematics in 1878, was a student of Weierstrass.
Obtained a doctor’s degree in philosophy at the University of Göttingen in 1886.
Went to the United States in 1888, First taught at the Johns Hopkins University and
Clark University, later served as a professor at the University of Chicago. During his
stay in the United States, had served as vice President of American Mathematical
Society. Returned to his country in 1910, served as honorary professor at the University of Freiburg. had intensive research for elliptic function, hyperelliptic function
and integral, after 1901 studied calculus of variations, had widely taught the calculus
of variations in the United States and Europe, The Bolza problem proposed in 1913
was one of the basic problems in classical variational methods, unified the Lagrange
problem and Mayer problem in his theory. Also studied the general equation, integral equation and linear differential equation of second order, etc. The works had
The elliptics-functions considered as a special case of the hyperelliptic s-functions
(1900), Lectures on the Calculus of Variations (1904, 1960, 2005), Vorlesungen über
Variationsrechnung (1909) and Glaubenlose Religion (1930) etc.