152
6 Determination of Trace Amounts of Tc by Electrochemical Methods
The concentration of the technetium in 0.1 M NaOH was analyzed by Abuzwida
(Abuzwida 1996). This researcher analyzed anodic stripping voltammetry curves
recorded at glassy carbon electrodes and found a linear dependence of the current at
−0.25 V versus Ag, AgCl on the Tc concentration when the latter was in the range
of 2 · 10
−6 /5 · 10
−8 mol dm
−3 . This signal was attributed to the oxidation of Tc(IV)
initially deposited on the electrode. Preconcentration was made at a potential of
−1.4 V for a period from 30 s to 5 min. Abuzwida reported that U(VI) interferes
with the Tc and, in order to reduce these interferences, the uranium concentration
should not be higher than 1 · 10
−7 mol dm
−3 for the examined range of the Tc
concentrations.
References
Abuzwida MA (1996) Anodic stripping voltammetry of technetium alkaline media. In: Third Arab
conference on the peaceful uses of atomic energy. Damascus 9–13 Dec 1996, AAEA. https://inis.
iaea.org/collection/NCLCollectionStore/_Public/31/065/31065341.pdf. Accessed 15 May 2019
Astheimer L, Schwochau K (1967) Zur invers-polarographie des technetiums. J Electroanal Chem
14:240–241
Chatterjee S, Del Negro A, Edwards MK et al (2011) Luminescence-based spectroelectrochemical sensor for [Tc(dmpe)3]2+/+ (dmpe = 1,2-bis(dimethylphosphino)ethane) within a
charge-selective polymer film. Anal Chem 83:1766–1772
Chotkowski M, Wrzosek B, Grden M (2018) Intermediate oxidation states of technetium in
concentrated sulfuric acid solutions. J Electroanal Chem 814:83–90
Desmet K, Myttenaere K (1986) Technetium in the environment. Elsevier
El-Reefy SA, Ruf H, Schrob K (1990) Catodic stripping voltammetry in the tethaphenylarsonium chloride/chloroform extract at a hanging mercury drop electrode. J Radioanal Nucl Chem
141(1):179–183
Friedrich M, Ruf H (1986) Assay of extremely low technetium concentration by adsorption strpping
voltammetry at the HMDE after reaction with thiocyanate. J Electroanal Chem 198:261–268
German KE, Dorokhov AV, Kopytin AV et al (2005) Quaternary alkylammonium and alkylphosphonium pertechnetates: application to pertechnetate ion-selective electrodes. J Nucl Radiochem
Sci 6(3):217–219
Guminski C, Galus Z (1986) Radioactive elements. In: Hirayama C, Galus Z, Guminski C (eds)
Metals in mercury, IUPAC solubility data series, vol 25. Pergamon Press, p 421
Herlem G, Angoue O, Gharbi T et al (2015) Electrochemistry of pertechnetate on ultramicroelectrode: a new quality control for radiopharmaceuticals manufactured at hospitals in nuclear
medicine. Electrochem Comm 51:76–80
Jasim F, Magee RJ, Wilson CL (1960) Chemical analysis on the microgram scale VI. The
ultramicrogravimetric determination of technetium and rhenium. Microchim Acta 5–6:721–728
Lewis JY, Zodda JP, Deutsch E et al (1983) Determination of pertechnetate by liquid chromatography
with reductive electrochemical detection. Anal Chem 55:708–713
Lewis JY, Pinkerton TC, Deutsch E et al (1985) Stripping chronocoulometry for the determination
of pertechnetate. Anal Chim Acta 167:335–342
Rimke H, Herrmann G, Mang M et al (1990) Principle and analytical applications of resonance
ionization mass spectrometry. Microchim Acta III:223–230
Ruf H (1988) Quantitative analytical assay of small amounts of technetium by stripping
chronopotentiometry at a glassy carbon electrode. J Electroanal Chem 241:125–131
Shi K, Hou X, Roos P et al (2012) Determination of technetium-99 in environmental samples: a
review. Anal Chim Acta 709:1–20
6 Determination of Trace Amounts of Tc by Electrochemical Methods
The concentration of the technetium in 0.1 M NaOH was analyzed by Abuzwida
(Abuzwida 1996). This researcher analyzed anodic stripping voltammetry curves
recorded at glassy carbon electrodes and found a linear dependence of the current at
−0.25 V versus Ag, AgCl on the Tc concentration when the latter was in the range
of 2 · 10
−6 /5 · 10
−8 mol dm
−3 . This signal was attributed to the oxidation of Tc(IV)
initially deposited on the electrode. Preconcentration was made at a potential of
−1.4 V for a period from 30 s to 5 min. Abuzwida reported that U(VI) interferes
with the Tc and, in order to reduce these interferences, the uranium concentration
should not be higher than 1 · 10
−7 mol dm
−3 for the examined range of the Tc
concentrations.
References
Abuzwida MA (1996) Anodic stripping voltammetry of technetium alkaline media. In: Third Arab
conference on the peaceful uses of atomic energy. Damascus 9–13 Dec 1996, AAEA. https://inis.
iaea.org/collection/NCLCollectionStore/_Public/31/065/31065341.pdf. Accessed 15 May 2019
Astheimer L, Schwochau K (1967) Zur invers-polarographie des technetiums. J Electroanal Chem
14:240–241
Chatterjee S, Del Negro A, Edwards MK et al (2011) Luminescence-based spectroelectrochemical sensor for [Tc(dmpe)3]2+/+ (dmpe = 1,2-bis(dimethylphosphino)ethane) within a
charge-selective polymer film. Anal Chem 83:1766–1772
Chotkowski M, Wrzosek B, Grden M (2018) Intermediate oxidation states of technetium in
concentrated sulfuric acid solutions. J Electroanal Chem 814:83–90
Desmet K, Myttenaere K (1986) Technetium in the environment. Elsevier
El-Reefy SA, Ruf H, Schrob K (1990) Catodic stripping voltammetry in the tethaphenylarsonium chloride/chloroform extract at a hanging mercury drop electrode. J Radioanal Nucl Chem
141(1):179–183
Friedrich M, Ruf H (1986) Assay of extremely low technetium concentration by adsorption strpping
voltammetry at the HMDE after reaction with thiocyanate. J Electroanal Chem 198:261–268
German KE, Dorokhov AV, Kopytin AV et al (2005) Quaternary alkylammonium and alkylphosphonium pertechnetates: application to pertechnetate ion-selective electrodes. J Nucl Radiochem
Sci 6(3):217–219
Guminski C, Galus Z (1986) Radioactive elements. In: Hirayama C, Galus Z, Guminski C (eds)
Metals in mercury, IUPAC solubility data series, vol 25. Pergamon Press, p 421
Herlem G, Angoue O, Gharbi T et al (2015) Electrochemistry of pertechnetate on ultramicroelectrode: a new quality control for radiopharmaceuticals manufactured at hospitals in nuclear
medicine. Electrochem Comm 51:76–80
Jasim F, Magee RJ, Wilson CL (1960) Chemical analysis on the microgram scale VI. The
ultramicrogravimetric determination of technetium and rhenium. Microchim Acta 5–6:721–728
Lewis JY, Zodda JP, Deutsch E et al (1983) Determination of pertechnetate by liquid chromatography
with reductive electrochemical detection. Anal Chem 55:708–713
Lewis JY, Pinkerton TC, Deutsch E et al (1985) Stripping chronocoulometry for the determination
of pertechnetate. Anal Chim Acta 167:335–342
Rimke H, Herrmann G, Mang M et al (1990) Principle and analytical applications of resonance
ionization mass spectrometry. Microchim Acta III:223–230
Ruf H (1988) Quantitative analytical assay of small amounts of technetium by stripping
chronopotentiometry at a glassy carbon electrode. J Electroanal Chem 241:125–131
Shi K, Hou X, Roos P et al (2012) Determination of technetium-99 in environmental samples: a
review. Anal Chim Acta 709:1–20