120
5 C–C Bond Formation via the Condensation …
In view of the above, OCM is expected to become one of the main models for
refining the approach to describe complex multistep and multipathway reactions and
develop methods for determining and estimating the kinetic parameters of separate
steps.
References
1. Mitchell LL, Waghorne RH (1980) Catalyst forb the conversion of relatively low molecular
weight hydrocarbons to higher molecular weight hydrocarbons and the regeneration of the
catalysts. US Patent 4205194, 1980
2. Fang T, Yeh CT (1981) Interaction of methane with ThO 2 /SiO 2 surface at 1073 K. J Catal
69:227–229
3. Keller GF, Bhasin MM (1982) Synthesis of ethylene via oxidative coupling of methane:
determination of active catalysts. J Catal 73:9–19
4. Lee JS, Oyama ST (1988) Oxidative coupling of methane to higher hydrocarbons. Catal Rev
-Sci Eng 30:249–280
5. Amenomiya Y, Briss VI, Goledzinouski M, Galuszka J, Sanger AR (1990) Conversion of
methane by oxidative coupling. Catal Rev -Sci Eng 32:163–227
6. Zavyalova U, Holena M, Schlög R, Baerns M (2011) Statistical analysis of past catalytic
data on oxidative methane coupling for new insight into the composition of high-performance
catalysts. ChemCatChem 3:1935–1947
7. Kondratenko EV, Peppel T, Seeburg D, Kondratenko VA, Kalevaru N, Martin A, Wohlrab
S (2017) Methane conversion into different hydrocarbons or oxygenates: current status and
future prospective in catalyst development and reactor operation. Catal Sci Technol 7:366–381
8. Driscoll DJ, Martir W, Wang JX, Lunsford JH (1985) Formation of gas-phase methyl radical
over MgO. J Am Chem Soc 107:58–63
9. Luo L, Tang X, Wang W, Wang Y, Sun S, Qi F, Huang W (2013) Methyl radical in oxidative coupling of methane directly confirmed by Synchrotron VUV Photoionization mass
spectroscopy. Scientific Reports https://doi.org/10.1038/serp01625, 3, 1625
10. Wolf EE (2014) Methane to light hydrocarbons via oxidative methane coupling: lessons from
the past to search for a selective heterogeneous catalyst. J Phys Chem Lett 5:986–988
11. Parishan S, Nowicka E, Fleischer V, Schulz C, Colmenares MG, Rosowski F, Schomäcker R
(2018) Investing into consecutive reaction of ethane and ethylene under the OCM reaction
conditions over Mn x O y –Na 2 WO 4 /SiO 2 . Catal Lett 148:1659–1675
12. Tang Y, Lunsford JH (1991) Mechanistic and kinetic studies of the reactions of gas-phase
methyl radical with metal oxides. J Am Chem Soc 113:4741–4746
13. Lunsford JH (1995) The catalytic oxidative coupling of methane. Angew Chem Int Engl
34:970–980
14. Dubois JL, Cameron CJ (1990) Common features of oxidative coupling of methane co-feed
catalysts. Appl Catal 67:49–71
15. Yan QJ, Wang Y, Jin YS, Chen Y (1992) Methane oxidative coupling over Na 2 WO 4 /SiO 2 .
Catal Lett 13:221–228
16. Driscoll DJ, Lunsford JH (1985) Gas-phase radical formation during the reaction of methane,
ethane, ethylene and propylene over selected oxide catalysts. J Phys Chem 89:4415–4418
17. Feng Y, Niiranen J, Gutman D (1991) Kinetics studies of the catalytic oxidation of methane,
1. Methyl radical production on 1% Sr/La 2 O 3 . J Phys Chem 95:6558–6563
18. Feng Y, Niiranen J, Gutman D (1991) Kinetics studies of the catalytic oxidation of methane,
2. Methyl radical recombination and ethane formation over 1% Sr/La 2 O 3 . J Phys Chem
95:6564–6568
19. Campbell KD, Lunsford JH (1988) Contribution of gas-phase radical coupling in the catalytic
oxidation of methane. J Phys Chem 92:5792–5796
5 C–C Bond Formation via the Condensation …
In view of the above, OCM is expected to become one of the main models for
refining the approach to describe complex multistep and multipathway reactions and
develop methods for determining and estimating the kinetic parameters of separate
steps.
References
1. Mitchell LL, Waghorne RH (1980) Catalyst forb the conversion of relatively low molecular
weight hydrocarbons to higher molecular weight hydrocarbons and the regeneration of the
catalysts. US Patent 4205194, 1980
2. Fang T, Yeh CT (1981) Interaction of methane with ThO 2 /SiO 2 surface at 1073 K. J Catal
69:227–229
3. Keller GF, Bhasin MM (1982) Synthesis of ethylene via oxidative coupling of methane:
determination of active catalysts. J Catal 73:9–19
4. Lee JS, Oyama ST (1988) Oxidative coupling of methane to higher hydrocarbons. Catal Rev
-Sci Eng 30:249–280
5. Amenomiya Y, Briss VI, Goledzinouski M, Galuszka J, Sanger AR (1990) Conversion of
methane by oxidative coupling. Catal Rev -Sci Eng 32:163–227
6. Zavyalova U, Holena M, Schlög R, Baerns M (2011) Statistical analysis of past catalytic
data on oxidative methane coupling for new insight into the composition of high-performance
catalysts. ChemCatChem 3:1935–1947
7. Kondratenko EV, Peppel T, Seeburg D, Kondratenko VA, Kalevaru N, Martin A, Wohlrab
S (2017) Methane conversion into different hydrocarbons or oxygenates: current status and
future prospective in catalyst development and reactor operation. Catal Sci Technol 7:366–381
8. Driscoll DJ, Martir W, Wang JX, Lunsford JH (1985) Formation of gas-phase methyl radical
over MgO. J Am Chem Soc 107:58–63
9. Luo L, Tang X, Wang W, Wang Y, Sun S, Qi F, Huang W (2013) Methyl radical in oxidative coupling of methane directly confirmed by Synchrotron VUV Photoionization mass
spectroscopy. Scientific Reports https://doi.org/10.1038/serp01625, 3, 1625
10. Wolf EE (2014) Methane to light hydrocarbons via oxidative methane coupling: lessons from
the past to search for a selective heterogeneous catalyst. J Phys Chem Lett 5:986–988
11. Parishan S, Nowicka E, Fleischer V, Schulz C, Colmenares MG, Rosowski F, Schomäcker R
(2018) Investing into consecutive reaction of ethane and ethylene under the OCM reaction
conditions over Mn x O y –Na 2 WO 4 /SiO 2 . Catal Lett 148:1659–1675
12. Tang Y, Lunsford JH (1991) Mechanistic and kinetic studies of the reactions of gas-phase
methyl radical with metal oxides. J Am Chem Soc 113:4741–4746
13. Lunsford JH (1995) The catalytic oxidative coupling of methane. Angew Chem Int Engl
34:970–980
14. Dubois JL, Cameron CJ (1990) Common features of oxidative coupling of methane co-feed
catalysts. Appl Catal 67:49–71
15. Yan QJ, Wang Y, Jin YS, Chen Y (1992) Methane oxidative coupling over Na 2 WO 4 /SiO 2 .
Catal Lett 13:221–228
16. Driscoll DJ, Lunsford JH (1985) Gas-phase radical formation during the reaction of methane,
ethane, ethylene and propylene over selected oxide catalysts. J Phys Chem 89:4415–4418
17. Feng Y, Niiranen J, Gutman D (1991) Kinetics studies of the catalytic oxidation of methane,
1. Methyl radical production on 1% Sr/La 2 O 3 . J Phys Chem 95:6558–6563
18. Feng Y, Niiranen J, Gutman D (1991) Kinetics studies of the catalytic oxidation of methane,
2. Methyl radical recombination and ethane formation over 1% Sr/La 2 O 3 . J Phys Chem
95:6564–6568
19. Campbell KD, Lunsford JH (1988) Contribution of gas-phase radical coupling in the catalytic
oxidation of methane. J Phys Chem 92:5792–5796