204 Mariana Silaen et al.
the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (ESDM) and Indonesia’s
state- owned electricity company (PLN), which runs the nation’s monopoly market
in electricity distribution and generates the majority of the country’s electrical
power. We made use of the bioenergy workshops to present and gain information
about the pathways and conduct research validation. We also involved additional
stakeholders, including an NGO called Yayasan Rumah Energi (YRE), subnational agricultural and energy agency officers, local farmers (users and nonusers), researchers from the local university, banks, and business/private sectors.
We initially focused on the small- scale biogas for rural households as the first priority chosen by the participants. Further potential pathways were formulated based
on the earlier stage of the research, as well as the economic and political drivers in
Indonesia (Devisscher et al., 2017). Later on, interest divided to a large- scale biogasfor-electricity production pathway and this was discussed during the third workshop
and policy dialogues. More information about the research methods used, the development of a ‘toolkit’ for data collection and analysis, and the applicable framework
for integration of concepts and methods can be found in Devisscher et al. (2017).
Table 12.1 Chronology of events and activities and research methods
Event or activity
Stakeholders involved
Methods applied
1st Bioenergy Workshop
on ‘Scoping and
Envisioning’, Bali, May
2016
Local farmers, NGOs,
local and national
government officials,
research agencies,
banks
Multicriteria assessment for
priority technology
identification for
bioenergy, H-form,
system mapping
Field work in Bali and
Jakarta, October–
November 2016
Local farmers, NGOs,
local government
officials
Focus group discussions,
interviews
2nd Bioenergy Workshop
on ‘Solutions, Business
Models and Enabling
Conditions’, Bali, May
2017
Local farmers, NGOs,
private sectors, local
government officials,
research agencies
Focus group discussions and
exercises for
Q-methodology
Policy dialogues, Jakarta,
February–March 2018
Government officials
from Bappenas,
ESDM, and PLN
Focus group discussions, risk
identification and
assessment exercise,
pathway exercise
3rd Bioenergy Workshop
on ‘Green Business and
Synergy Action’, Bali,
April 2018
Local farmers, NGOs,
local and national
government officials,
research agencies
Focus group discussions,
exercises on two biogas
pathways and
Q-methodology validation
Transition pathways
Focused on finding ways to meet energy needs, NDCs, and development targets,
the Indonesia TRANSrisk narrative aims at improving the understanding on
how biogas alternatives could effectively contribute to a low- carbon energy
transition and what changes are required to achieve it. Bali is the target area
the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (ESDM) and Indonesia’s
state- owned electricity company (PLN), which runs the nation’s monopoly market
in electricity distribution and generates the majority of the country’s electrical
power. We made use of the bioenergy workshops to present and gain information
about the pathways and conduct research validation. We also involved additional
stakeholders, including an NGO called Yayasan Rumah Energi (YRE), subnational agricultural and energy agency officers, local farmers (users and nonusers), researchers from the local university, banks, and business/private sectors.
We initially focused on the small- scale biogas for rural households as the first priority chosen by the participants. Further potential pathways were formulated based
on the earlier stage of the research, as well as the economic and political drivers in
Indonesia (Devisscher et al., 2017). Later on, interest divided to a large- scale biogasfor-electricity production pathway and this was discussed during the third workshop
and policy dialogues. More information about the research methods used, the development of a ‘toolkit’ for data collection and analysis, and the applicable framework
for integration of concepts and methods can be found in Devisscher et al. (2017).
Table 12.1 Chronology of events and activities and research methods
Event or activity
Stakeholders involved
Methods applied
1st Bioenergy Workshop
on ‘Scoping and
Envisioning’, Bali, May
2016
Local farmers, NGOs,
local and national
government officials,
research agencies,
banks
Multicriteria assessment for
priority technology
identification for
bioenergy, H-form,
system mapping
Field work in Bali and
Jakarta, October–
November 2016
Local farmers, NGOs,
local government
officials
Focus group discussions,
interviews
2nd Bioenergy Workshop
on ‘Solutions, Business
Models and Enabling
Conditions’, Bali, May
2017
Local farmers, NGOs,
private sectors, local
government officials,
research agencies
Focus group discussions and
exercises for
Q-methodology
Policy dialogues, Jakarta,
February–March 2018
Government officials
from Bappenas,
ESDM, and PLN
Focus group discussions, risk
identification and
assessment exercise,
pathway exercise
3rd Bioenergy Workshop
on ‘Green Business and
Synergy Action’, Bali,
April 2018
Local farmers, NGOs,
local and national
government officials,
research agencies
Focus group discussions,
exercises on two biogas
pathways and
Q-methodology validation
Transition pathways
Focused on finding ways to meet energy needs, NDCs, and development targets,
the Indonesia TRANSrisk narrative aims at improving the understanding on
how biogas alternatives could effectively contribute to a low- carbon energy
transition and what changes are required to achieve it. Bali is the target area