40
Y. Zhang et al.
18. H. Li, Q. Song, J. Yao, Z. Liu, J. Chen, B. Xu, K. Lin, J. Qiang, B. He, H. Xu, Y. Cheng, H.
Zeng, J. Wu, Air lasing from singly ionized N 2 driven by bicircular two-color fields. Phys. Rev.
A 99, 053413 (2019)
19. A. Zhang, M. Lei, J. Gao, C. Wu, Q. Gong, H. Jiang, Subfemtosecond-resolved modulation of
superfluorescence from ionized nitrogen molecules by 800-nm femtosecond laser pulses. Opt.
Express 27, 14922 (2019)
20. Y. Wan, B. Xu, J. Yao, J. Chen, Z. Liu, F. Zhang, W. Chu, Y. Cheng, Polarization ellipticity
dependence of N 2
+ air lasing: the role of coupling between the ground state and a photo-excited
intermediate state. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 36, G57 (2019)
21. A. Mysyrowicz, R. Danylo, A. Houard, V. Tikhonchuk, X. Zhang, Z. Fan, Q. Liang, S. Zhuang,
L. Yuan, Y. Liu, Lasing without population inversion in N 2
+ . APL Photon. 4, 110807 (2019)
22. H. Xu, E. Lötstedt, T. Ando, A. Iwasaki, K. Yamanouchi, Alignment-dependent population
inversion in N 2
+ in intense few-cycle laser fields. Phys. Rev. A 96, 041401 (2017)
23. H. Li, M. Hou, H. Zang, Y. Fu, E. Lötstedt, T. Ando, A. Iwasaki, K. Yamanouchi, H. Xu,
Significant enhancement of N 2
+ lasing by polarization-modulated ultrashort laser pulses. Phys.
Rev. Lett. 122, 013202 (2019)
24. H. Zhang, C. Jing, J. Yao, G. Li, B. Zeng, W. Chu, J. Ni, X. Hongqiang, H. Xu, S. Leang Chin,
K. Yamanouchi, H. Sun, Z. Xu, Rotational coherence encoded in an “air-laser” spectrum of
nitrogen molecular ions in an intense laser field. Phys. Rev. X 3 (2013)
25. B. Zeng, W. Chu, G. Li, J. Yao, H. Zhang, J. Ni, C. Jing, H. Xie, Y. Cheng, Real-time observation
of dynamics in rotational molecular wave packets by use of air-laser spectroscopy. Phys. Rev.
A 89, 042508 (2014)
26. H. Xie, B. Zeng, G. Li, W. Chu, H. Zhang, C. Jing, J. Yao, J. Ni, Z. Wang, Z. Li, Y. Cheng,
Coupling of N 2
+ rotational states in an air laser from tunnel-ionized nitrogen molecules. Phys.
Rev. A 90, 042504 (2014)
27. M. Lei, C. Wu, A. Zhang, Q. Gong, H. Jiang, Population inversion in the rotational levels of
the superradiant N 2
+ pumped by femtosecond laser pulses. Opt. Express 25, 4535 (2017)
28. A. Azarm, P. Corkum, P. Polynkin, Optical gain in rotationally excited nitrogen molecular ions.
Phys. Rev. A 96, 051401 (2017)
29. M. Britton, M. Lytova, P. Laferrière, P. Peng, F. Morales, D.H. Ko, M. Richter, P. Polynkin,
D.M. Villeneuve, C. Zhang, M. Ivanov, M. Spanner, L. Arissian, P.B. Corkum, Short- and
long-term gain dynamics in N 2
+ air lasing. Phys. Rev. A 100, 013406 (2019)
30. S.R. Langhoff, C.W. Bauschlicher, H. Partridge, Theoretical study of the N 2
+ Meinel system.
J. Chem. Phys. 87, 4716 (1987)
31. S.R. Langhoff, C.W. Bauschlicher Jr., Theoretical study of the first and second negative systems
of N 2
+ . J. Chem. Phys. 88, 329 (1988)
32. Y. Zhang, E. Lötstedt, K. Yamanouchi, Population inversion in a strongly driven two-level
system at far-off resonance. J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 50, 185603 (2017)
33. Y. Zhang, E. Lötstedt, K. Yamanouchi, Mechanism of population inversion in laser-driven N 2
+ .
J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 52, 055401 (2019)
34. W. Zheng, Z. Miao, L. Zhang, Y. Wang, C. Dai, A. Zhang, H. Jiang, Q. Gong, C. Wu, Enhanced
coherent emission from ionized nitrogen molecules by femtosecond laser pulses. J. Phys. Chem.
Lett. 6598 (2019)
35. S. Tamar, Rotational excitation and molecular alignment in intense laser fields. J. Chem. Phys.
103, 7887 (1995)
36. L. Matsuoka, E. Segawa, Localization in rotational excitation of diatomic molecules induced
by a train of optical pulses. Interdisc. Inf. Sci. 23, 51 (2017)
37. A. Maan, A. Tyagi, V. Prasad, Rotational excitation of diatomic molecule: time dependent
study. Acta Phys. Pol., A 133, 1266 (2018)
38. T. Szidarovszky, M. Jono, K. Yamanouchi, LIMAO: cross-platform software for simulating
laser-induced alignment and orientation dynamics of linear-, symmetric- and asymmetric tops.
Comput. Phys. Commun. 228, 219 (2018)
39. T. Ando, E. Lötstedt, A. Iwasaki, H. Li, Y. Fu, S. Wang, H. Xu, K. Yamanouchi, Rotational,
vibrational, and electronic modulations in N 2
+ lasing at 391 nm: evidence of coherent B 2 +
u −
X 2 +
g − A 2 u Coupling. Phys. Rev. Lett. 123, 203201 (2019)
Y. Zhang et al.
18. H. Li, Q. Song, J. Yao, Z. Liu, J. Chen, B. Xu, K. Lin, J. Qiang, B. He, H. Xu, Y. Cheng, H.
Zeng, J. Wu, Air lasing from singly ionized N 2 driven by bicircular two-color fields. Phys. Rev.
A 99, 053413 (2019)
19. A. Zhang, M. Lei, J. Gao, C. Wu, Q. Gong, H. Jiang, Subfemtosecond-resolved modulation of
superfluorescence from ionized nitrogen molecules by 800-nm femtosecond laser pulses. Opt.
Express 27, 14922 (2019)
20. Y. Wan, B. Xu, J. Yao, J. Chen, Z. Liu, F. Zhang, W. Chu, Y. Cheng, Polarization ellipticity
dependence of N 2
+ air lasing: the role of coupling between the ground state and a photo-excited
intermediate state. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 36, G57 (2019)
21. A. Mysyrowicz, R. Danylo, A. Houard, V. Tikhonchuk, X. Zhang, Z. Fan, Q. Liang, S. Zhuang,
L. Yuan, Y. Liu, Lasing without population inversion in N 2
+ . APL Photon. 4, 110807 (2019)
22. H. Xu, E. Lötstedt, T. Ando, A. Iwasaki, K. Yamanouchi, Alignment-dependent population
inversion in N 2
+ in intense few-cycle laser fields. Phys. Rev. A 96, 041401 (2017)
23. H. Li, M. Hou, H. Zang, Y. Fu, E. Lötstedt, T. Ando, A. Iwasaki, K. Yamanouchi, H. Xu,
Significant enhancement of N 2
+ lasing by polarization-modulated ultrashort laser pulses. Phys.
Rev. Lett. 122, 013202 (2019)
24. H. Zhang, C. Jing, J. Yao, G. Li, B. Zeng, W. Chu, J. Ni, X. Hongqiang, H. Xu, S. Leang Chin,
K. Yamanouchi, H. Sun, Z. Xu, Rotational coherence encoded in an “air-laser” spectrum of
nitrogen molecular ions in an intense laser field. Phys. Rev. X 3 (2013)
25. B. Zeng, W. Chu, G. Li, J. Yao, H. Zhang, J. Ni, C. Jing, H. Xie, Y. Cheng, Real-time observation
of dynamics in rotational molecular wave packets by use of air-laser spectroscopy. Phys. Rev.
A 89, 042508 (2014)
26. H. Xie, B. Zeng, G. Li, W. Chu, H. Zhang, C. Jing, J. Yao, J. Ni, Z. Wang, Z. Li, Y. Cheng,
Coupling of N 2
+ rotational states in an air laser from tunnel-ionized nitrogen molecules. Phys.
Rev. A 90, 042504 (2014)
27. M. Lei, C. Wu, A. Zhang, Q. Gong, H. Jiang, Population inversion in the rotational levels of
the superradiant N 2
+ pumped by femtosecond laser pulses. Opt. Express 25, 4535 (2017)
28. A. Azarm, P. Corkum, P. Polynkin, Optical gain in rotationally excited nitrogen molecular ions.
Phys. Rev. A 96, 051401 (2017)
29. M. Britton, M. Lytova, P. Laferrière, P. Peng, F. Morales, D.H. Ko, M. Richter, P. Polynkin,
D.M. Villeneuve, C. Zhang, M. Ivanov, M. Spanner, L. Arissian, P.B. Corkum, Short- and
long-term gain dynamics in N 2
+ air lasing. Phys. Rev. A 100, 013406 (2019)
30. S.R. Langhoff, C.W. Bauschlicher, H. Partridge, Theoretical study of the N 2
+ Meinel system.
J. Chem. Phys. 87, 4716 (1987)
31. S.R. Langhoff, C.W. Bauschlicher Jr., Theoretical study of the first and second negative systems
of N 2
+ . J. Chem. Phys. 88, 329 (1988)
32. Y. Zhang, E. Lötstedt, K. Yamanouchi, Population inversion in a strongly driven two-level
system at far-off resonance. J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 50, 185603 (2017)
33. Y. Zhang, E. Lötstedt, K. Yamanouchi, Mechanism of population inversion in laser-driven N 2
+ .
J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 52, 055401 (2019)
34. W. Zheng, Z. Miao, L. Zhang, Y. Wang, C. Dai, A. Zhang, H. Jiang, Q. Gong, C. Wu, Enhanced
coherent emission from ionized nitrogen molecules by femtosecond laser pulses. J. Phys. Chem.
Lett. 6598 (2019)
35. S. Tamar, Rotational excitation and molecular alignment in intense laser fields. J. Chem. Phys.
103, 7887 (1995)
36. L. Matsuoka, E. Segawa, Localization in rotational excitation of diatomic molecules induced
by a train of optical pulses. Interdisc. Inf. Sci. 23, 51 (2017)
37. A. Maan, A. Tyagi, V. Prasad, Rotational excitation of diatomic molecule: time dependent
study. Acta Phys. Pol., A 133, 1266 (2018)
38. T. Szidarovszky, M. Jono, K. Yamanouchi, LIMAO: cross-platform software for simulating
laser-induced alignment and orientation dynamics of linear-, symmetric- and asymmetric tops.
Comput. Phys. Commun. 228, 219 (2018)
39. T. Ando, E. Lötstedt, A. Iwasaki, H. Li, Y. Fu, S. Wang, H. Xu, K. Yamanouchi, Rotational,
vibrational, and electronic modulations in N 2
+ lasing at 391 nm: evidence of coherent B 2 +
u −
X 2 +
g − A 2 u Coupling. Phys. Rev. Lett. 123, 203201 (2019)