34
J. Chen et al.
ester bonds, and has ideal boundary lubrication properties. Compared with mineral oil, vegetable oil has the disadvantages of low thermal stability, low oxidative
stability, high freezing point and poor corrosion resistance.
The disadvantages of vegetable oils can be improved by means of additives, chemical modification of vegetable oils and genetic improvement of oils. For example,
benzotriazole-containing phosphate esters can increase rapeseed oil load capacity,
abrasion resistance and friction properties; amine phosphate can increase the abrasion resistance of vegetable oils; synthetic compounds, S-[2-(acetylamino)thiazolylL-yl]dialkyldithiocarbamic acid, added to rapeseed oil at a 1% addition significantly
reduces wear and has good no-bite loading capacity; functional additives such as
oleic acid, triethanolamine and Triethanolamine oleate significantly improved the
friction properties and thermal stability of rapeseed oil. The chemical modification
of vegetable oil includes carboxyl functional group modification, fatty acid chain
modification, etc., and the modification of the base oil can greatly improve the performance of the base oil. In the genetic modification of oilseeds, various methods of
genetic engineering are mainly used to develop new oil plant varieties, such as high
oleic soybean oil and sunflower oil, which are currently developed, which have high
load-carrying capacity and heat compared with traditional vegetable oils. Oxidative
stability.
➂ Plastic Industry
Among the three major synthetic materials, the production of synthetic resin is the
largest. It is made of plastic and has the widest application range. According to
reports, the global production of synthetic resin in 1997 has exceeded 13,000 tons.
Among them, the United States produced 42.5 million tons, Japan 15.21 million tons
and South Korea 8.17 million tons. The output of Taiwan Province of China also
reached 4.64 million tons.
Among the five general-purpose resins (PE, PP, PVC, PS, ABS), PE produced the
most, PP increased fastest, PVC ranked third and PE added PP accounted for about
one-half of the total resin.
In the 1990s, China’s synthetic materials industry gained rapid development.
According to statistics, between 1990 and 1996, China’s synthetic resin increased at
an annual rate of 23.3%, and the growth rates of synthetic fiber and synthetic rubber
were 19.7% and 14.2%, respectively. In 1998, the output of synthetic resin reached
6.67 million tons, an increase of 16.0%. Despite this, it is still far from meeting
the needs of China’s economic growth. In 1998, the performance consumption of
China’s five general-purpose resins was 14.44 million tons, while the output was 6.43
million tons, and the self-sufficiency rate was only 45%. This shows the potential of
China’s plastics industry.
Plastic additives: In 1996, the global plastic additives consumed were about 7.9
million tons, accounting for about 6% of the total resin. In 1997, China’s additive
production was about 700,000 tons, but the varieties were monotonous, of which only
plasticizers accounted for two-thirds of the total output. According to the performance
classification, plastic additives can be classified into three categories: stabilizers,
processing aids and modifiers.
J. Chen et al.
ester bonds, and has ideal boundary lubrication properties. Compared with mineral oil, vegetable oil has the disadvantages of low thermal stability, low oxidative
stability, high freezing point and poor corrosion resistance.
The disadvantages of vegetable oils can be improved by means of additives, chemical modification of vegetable oils and genetic improvement of oils. For example,
benzotriazole-containing phosphate esters can increase rapeseed oil load capacity,
abrasion resistance and friction properties; amine phosphate can increase the abrasion resistance of vegetable oils; synthetic compounds, S-[2-(acetylamino)thiazolylL-yl]dialkyldithiocarbamic acid, added to rapeseed oil at a 1% addition significantly
reduces wear and has good no-bite loading capacity; functional additives such as
oleic acid, triethanolamine and Triethanolamine oleate significantly improved the
friction properties and thermal stability of rapeseed oil. The chemical modification
of vegetable oil includes carboxyl functional group modification, fatty acid chain
modification, etc., and the modification of the base oil can greatly improve the performance of the base oil. In the genetic modification of oilseeds, various methods of
genetic engineering are mainly used to develop new oil plant varieties, such as high
oleic soybean oil and sunflower oil, which are currently developed, which have high
load-carrying capacity and heat compared with traditional vegetable oils. Oxidative
stability.
➂ Plastic Industry
Among the three major synthetic materials, the production of synthetic resin is the
largest. It is made of plastic and has the widest application range. According to
reports, the global production of synthetic resin in 1997 has exceeded 13,000 tons.
Among them, the United States produced 42.5 million tons, Japan 15.21 million tons
and South Korea 8.17 million tons. The output of Taiwan Province of China also
reached 4.64 million tons.
Among the five general-purpose resins (PE, PP, PVC, PS, ABS), PE produced the
most, PP increased fastest, PVC ranked third and PE added PP accounted for about
one-half of the total resin.
In the 1990s, China’s synthetic materials industry gained rapid development.
According to statistics, between 1990 and 1996, China’s synthetic resin increased at
an annual rate of 23.3%, and the growth rates of synthetic fiber and synthetic rubber
were 19.7% and 14.2%, respectively. In 1998, the output of synthetic resin reached
6.67 million tons, an increase of 16.0%. Despite this, it is still far from meeting
the needs of China’s economic growth. In 1998, the performance consumption of
China’s five general-purpose resins was 14.44 million tons, while the output was 6.43
million tons, and the self-sufficiency rate was only 45%. This shows the potential of
China’s plastics industry.
Plastic additives: In 1996, the global plastic additives consumed were about 7.9
million tons, accounting for about 6% of the total resin. In 1997, China’s additive
production was about 700,000 tons, but the varieties were monotonous, of which only
plasticizers accounted for two-thirds of the total output. According to the performance
classification, plastic additives can be classified into three categories: stabilizers,
processing aids and modifiers.