290
J. Ma et al.
10.5 High-Valued Utilization of Processed Tung Oil
Residues
Tung meal is the main by-product of tung oil extraction. Its protein content can reach
between 36% and 45%, and the content of extracted amino acid and essential amino
acid can reach 93.8% and 45.4%, respectively, which shows the excellent resource
of plant protein for industrial development and utilization [35]. China’s tung oil
production ranks first in the world, and the annual output of Tung meal is 500,000
tons. As Tung oil meal contains albumin, protamine, neodymidine, and saponin,
toxic to humans and animals, the current utilization of tung meal occupies less than
20%. Most of them were abandoned, not only failing to take full advantage of the
resource value, but also causing great pressure on the environment protection [36].
In addition to the high content of amino acids, Tung meal also contains trace
elements required by various plants such as 2–7% nitrogen, 1–3% phosphorus, and
1–2% potassium. It’s also a plant fertilizer matrix that can be developed and utilized.
As a fertilizer, Tung meal can not only improve the yield of crops, but also improve
the physical and chemical properties of the soil and enhance its moisturizing and
water-retaining ability. The residual toxic substances left in the tung meal can kill
pests. In addition, since the crude protein, crude fat, sugar, and fiber content levels are
high, tung meal can be used as feedstuff. Although it has a certain degree of toxicity,
the tung oil meal can be used for feed production after detoxification treatment. The
Sichuan Grain Storage Research Institute and other organizations use the solvent
method, ammonia treatment method and microbial fermentation method to carry out
detoxification experiment of tung meal. In addition, some other studies have shown
that the toxic substances in tung meal are poisonous to insects such as cotton weevil
and cotton boll weevil, possibly to be developed for use as pesticides [37].
10.6 Processed Flaxseed Oil Residues
China is one of the major producers of flaxseed in the world, and its planting area
ranks third. However, for a long time, a large amount of flaxseed cake dregs left as
feedstuff or thrown-outs have caused a great wastage of resources. In view of the
fact that it contains a variety of active ingredients, if flaxseed dregs are fully utilized,
the health care and medicinal products with higher economic and nutritional values
should be obtained therefrom. It will greatly increase the economic added value and
bring about huge economic and social benefits as well.
J. Ma et al.
10.5 High-Valued Utilization of Processed Tung Oil
Residues
Tung meal is the main by-product of tung oil extraction. Its protein content can reach
between 36% and 45%, and the content of extracted amino acid and essential amino
acid can reach 93.8% and 45.4%, respectively, which shows the excellent resource
of plant protein for industrial development and utilization [35]. China’s tung oil
production ranks first in the world, and the annual output of Tung meal is 500,000
tons. As Tung oil meal contains albumin, protamine, neodymidine, and saponin,
toxic to humans and animals, the current utilization of tung meal occupies less than
20%. Most of them were abandoned, not only failing to take full advantage of the
resource value, but also causing great pressure on the environment protection [36].
In addition to the high content of amino acids, Tung meal also contains trace
elements required by various plants such as 2–7% nitrogen, 1–3% phosphorus, and
1–2% potassium. It’s also a plant fertilizer matrix that can be developed and utilized.
As a fertilizer, Tung meal can not only improve the yield of crops, but also improve
the physical and chemical properties of the soil and enhance its moisturizing and
water-retaining ability. The residual toxic substances left in the tung meal can kill
pests. In addition, since the crude protein, crude fat, sugar, and fiber content levels are
high, tung meal can be used as feedstuff. Although it has a certain degree of toxicity,
the tung oil meal can be used for feed production after detoxification treatment. The
Sichuan Grain Storage Research Institute and other organizations use the solvent
method, ammonia treatment method and microbial fermentation method to carry out
detoxification experiment of tung meal. In addition, some other studies have shown
that the toxic substances in tung meal are poisonous to insects such as cotton weevil
and cotton boll weevil, possibly to be developed for use as pesticides [37].
10.6 Processed Flaxseed Oil Residues
China is one of the major producers of flaxseed in the world, and its planting area
ranks third. However, for a long time, a large amount of flaxseed cake dregs left as
feedstuff or thrown-outs have caused a great wastage of resources. In view of the
fact that it contains a variety of active ingredients, if flaxseed dregs are fully utilized,
the health care and medicinal products with higher economic and nutritional values
should be obtained therefrom. It will greatly increase the economic added value and
bring about huge economic and social benefits as well.