7.5.1 Introduction to the Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 689
7.5.2 Sandbox as an Effective Security Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . 691
7.5.3 Analysis of Similar Directions for Solving the SoC
Design Safety Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 692
7.5.4 Features of Organizing Hardware Trojan Sandboxing
Procedures During SoC Design Phase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 694
7.5.5 Main Software Methods of Sandboxing . . . . . . . . . . . . . 695
7.5.6 Typical Structure of a Hardware Sandbox . . . . . . . . . . . 696
7.5.7 Description of a Typical Process of Protected SoC
Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 697
7.6 Using Mathematical Instruments of Games Theory and
Information Forensic Methods to Counter Hardware Trojans
in Microcircuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 700
7.6.1 Introduction to the Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 700
7.6.2 Technical Solutions to the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 702
7.6.3 Mathematical Apparatus of Attack Modeling . . . . . . . . . 703
7.7 Software and Hardware Methods of Protecting FPGA from
Unauthorized Information Copying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 704
7.7.1 Protection Based on the Identification Friend
or Foe Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 704
7.7.2 Reference Design Microcircuit Series by Altera . . . . . . . 705
7.8 Methods for Controlling Safety of Microcircuits After Their
Production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 709
7.8.1 Introduction to the Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 709
7.8.2 Models of Monitoring Safety of Produced
Microcircuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 711
7.8.3 Passive Measurements of Microcircuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . 713
7.8.4 Active Hardware Measurements of Microcircuits . . . . . . 717
7.8.5 Intrinsic (Integrated) Active Hardware Measurements
of Microcircuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 719
7.8.6 External Active Hardware Metering of Microcircuits . . . 721
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 723
8 Modern Weapons: Possibilities and Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 731
8.1 A Brief History of Weapons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 731
8.1.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 731
8.1.2 Evolution of a Knife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 734
8.1.3 Chemical Weapons and Combat Chemical Agents . . . . . 741
8.1.4 Atomic (Nuclear) and Other Types of Weapons . . . . . . . 749
8.2 Modern Space Weapons: Technical Possibilities and
Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 753
8.2.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 753
8.2.2 Important Scientific-Technical and Military-Strategic
Aspects of Building and Using Weapons of the Space
Layer of Missile Defense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 754
xxii
Contents
7.5.2 Sandbox as an Effective Security Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . 691
7.5.3 Analysis of Similar Directions for Solving the SoC
Design Safety Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 692
7.5.4 Features of Organizing Hardware Trojan Sandboxing
Procedures During SoC Design Phase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 694
7.5.5 Main Software Methods of Sandboxing . . . . . . . . . . . . . 695
7.5.6 Typical Structure of a Hardware Sandbox . . . . . . . . . . . 696
7.5.7 Description of a Typical Process of Protected SoC
Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 697
7.6 Using Mathematical Instruments of Games Theory and
Information Forensic Methods to Counter Hardware Trojans
in Microcircuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 700
7.6.1 Introduction to the Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 700
7.6.2 Technical Solutions to the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 702
7.6.3 Mathematical Apparatus of Attack Modeling . . . . . . . . . 703
7.7 Software and Hardware Methods of Protecting FPGA from
Unauthorized Information Copying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 704
7.7.1 Protection Based on the Identification Friend
or Foe Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 704
7.7.2 Reference Design Microcircuit Series by Altera . . . . . . . 705
7.8 Methods for Controlling Safety of Microcircuits After Their
Production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 709
7.8.1 Introduction to the Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 709
7.8.2 Models of Monitoring Safety of Produced
Microcircuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 711
7.8.3 Passive Measurements of Microcircuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . 713
7.8.4 Active Hardware Measurements of Microcircuits . . . . . . 717
7.8.5 Intrinsic (Integrated) Active Hardware Measurements
of Microcircuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 719
7.8.6 External Active Hardware Metering of Microcircuits . . . 721
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 723
8 Modern Weapons: Possibilities and Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 731
8.1 A Brief History of Weapons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 731
8.1.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 731
8.1.2 Evolution of a Knife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 734
8.1.3 Chemical Weapons and Combat Chemical Agents . . . . . 741
8.1.4 Atomic (Nuclear) and Other Types of Weapons . . . . . . . 749
8.2 Modern Space Weapons: Technical Possibilities and
Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 753
8.2.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 753
8.2.2 Important Scientific-Technical and Military-Strategic
Aspects of Building and Using Weapons of the Space
Layer of Missile Defense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 754
xxii
Contents