266
J. Mazumder
3.9 Laser Cleaning
It depends on the blast of laser radiation that can remove dirt from the surface. It is
a quiet cleaning process without the need for solvent or abrasive. Fume generated
by ablation can be easily removed by vacuum. The old church, damaged during
WWII, in Dresden Germany was restored and every piece was reassembled after
laser cleaning. Old structures with toxic lead paints can also be cleaned by lasers.
4 Summary
Lasers are used for a wide variety of manufacturing processes. The main reason for its
popularity is its ease of availability with a wide range of intensity levels from fraction
of W/cm
2 to 10
15 W/cm
2 with precision. It is also amenable to automation, making
it a useful tool for modern manufacturing. It is one of the most adaptable forms of
energy sources for industry. Its popularity and applications have been continually
increasing since its invention.
References
1. Steen, W.M.: Professor Emeritus, University of Liverpool, Fellow, University of Cambridge
(Private Communication) (2019)
2. Jensen, R.J., et al.: Laser isotope separation. Sep. Sci. Technol. 15(3), 1980 (2006)
3. Steen, W., Mazumder, J.: Laser Materials Processing, 4th edn. Springer (2010)
4. Eeinstein, A.: Strahlunggs-emission and absorption nach der Quantenheorie. Verh. Dtsch. Phys.
Ges. 18, 318–323 (1916)
5. Schawlow, A.L., Townes, C.: Infrared and optimal masers. Phys. Rev. 112, 1940–1949 (1958)
6. Patel, C.K.N.: Continuous-wave laser action on vibrational-rotational transitions of CO 2 . Phys.
Rev. 136(5A), A1187–A1193 (1964)
7. Overton, G., Nogee, A., Belforte, D., Wallace, J., Gefvert, B.: Annual Laser Market Review
Forecast, 2019. Laser Focus World, Jan 2019
8. Mazumder, J.: Laser heat treatment: the state of the art. J. Met. 35(5), 18–26 (1983)
9. Mazumder, J., Kar, A.: Theory and Application of Laser Chemical Vapor Deposition. Prentice
Hall (1995)
10. Chen, X., Mazumder, J.: Laser chemical vapor deposition of titanium nitride. Phys. Rev. B
52(8), 5947–5952 (1995)
11. Mazumder, J.: Non-equilibrium synthesis by laser for tailored surfaces. In: Mazumder, J.,
Conde, O., Vilar, R., et al. (eds.) NATO Advanced Study Institute entitled “Laser Processing:
Surface Treatment and Film Deposition”. Series E: Applied Sciences, vol. 307, pp. 47–75,
Sesimbra, Portugal, 3–16 July 1994
12. Economist Magazine, April 2012 Cover page
13. Gibson, I., Rosen, D., Stucker, B.: Additive Manufacturing Technologies: 3D Printing, Rapid
Prototyping, and Direct Digital Manufacturing, 2nd edn. (2015)
14. Hull, C.W.: Apparatus for production of three-dimensional objects by stereolithography. US
Patent 4575330, 11 Mar 1986
J. Mazumder
3.9 Laser Cleaning
It depends on the blast of laser radiation that can remove dirt from the surface. It is
a quiet cleaning process without the need for solvent or abrasive. Fume generated
by ablation can be easily removed by vacuum. The old church, damaged during
WWII, in Dresden Germany was restored and every piece was reassembled after
laser cleaning. Old structures with toxic lead paints can also be cleaned by lasers.
4 Summary
Lasers are used for a wide variety of manufacturing processes. The main reason for its
popularity is its ease of availability with a wide range of intensity levels from fraction
of W/cm
2 to 10
15 W/cm
2 with precision. It is also amenable to automation, making
it a useful tool for modern manufacturing. It is one of the most adaptable forms of
energy sources for industry. Its popularity and applications have been continually
increasing since its invention.
References
1. Steen, W.M.: Professor Emeritus, University of Liverpool, Fellow, University of Cambridge
(Private Communication) (2019)
2. Jensen, R.J., et al.: Laser isotope separation. Sep. Sci. Technol. 15(3), 1980 (2006)
3. Steen, W., Mazumder, J.: Laser Materials Processing, 4th edn. Springer (2010)
4. Eeinstein, A.: Strahlunggs-emission and absorption nach der Quantenheorie. Verh. Dtsch. Phys.
Ges. 18, 318–323 (1916)
5. Schawlow, A.L., Townes, C.: Infrared and optimal masers. Phys. Rev. 112, 1940–1949 (1958)
6. Patel, C.K.N.: Continuous-wave laser action on vibrational-rotational transitions of CO 2 . Phys.
Rev. 136(5A), A1187–A1193 (1964)
7. Overton, G., Nogee, A., Belforte, D., Wallace, J., Gefvert, B.: Annual Laser Market Review
Forecast, 2019. Laser Focus World, Jan 2019
8. Mazumder, J.: Laser heat treatment: the state of the art. J. Met. 35(5), 18–26 (1983)
9. Mazumder, J., Kar, A.: Theory and Application of Laser Chemical Vapor Deposition. Prentice
Hall (1995)
10. Chen, X., Mazumder, J.: Laser chemical vapor deposition of titanium nitride. Phys. Rev. B
52(8), 5947–5952 (1995)
11. Mazumder, J.: Non-equilibrium synthesis by laser for tailored surfaces. In: Mazumder, J.,
Conde, O., Vilar, R., et al. (eds.) NATO Advanced Study Institute entitled “Laser Processing:
Surface Treatment and Film Deposition”. Series E: Applied Sciences, vol. 307, pp. 47–75,
Sesimbra, Portugal, 3–16 July 1994
12. Economist Magazine, April 2012 Cover page
13. Gibson, I., Rosen, D., Stucker, B.: Additive Manufacturing Technologies: 3D Printing, Rapid
Prototyping, and Direct Digital Manufacturing, 2nd edn. (2015)
14. Hull, C.W.: Apparatus for production of three-dimensional objects by stereolithography. US
Patent 4575330, 11 Mar 1986