Chapter 7
Intelligent and Connected Cyber-Physical
Systems: A Perspective from Connected
Autonomous Vehicles
Wanli Chang, Simon Burton, Chung-Wei Lin, Qi Zhu, Lydia Gauerhof,
and John McDermid
The need for connection and community is primal, as
fundamental as the need for air, water, and food.
Dean Ornish
Contents
7.1 Introduction ............................................................................... 357
7.2 Background ................................................................................ 360
7.2.1 Cyber Components .............................................................. 361
7.2.2 Physical Components ............................................................ 366
7.2.3 Cyber and Physical Interactions................................................. 369
7.3 Case Studies ............................................................................... 375
7.3.1 Assuring the Safety of Machine Learning-Based Perception for Highly
Automated Driving .............................................................. 375
7.3.2 Assuring the Security and Robustness of Connected Vehicle Applications. . . 384
7.4 Concluding Remarks ...................................................................... 390
References ........................................................................................ 391
7.1 Introduction
Cyber-physical systems (CPS) integrate computation, communication, and physical
processes. CPS range from small scale, such as wearable medical devices, to large
scale, such as national power grids. The concept of CPS is frequently discussed
W. Chang () · J. McDermid
University of York, York, UK
e-mail: wanli.chang@york.ac.uk
S. Burton · L. Gauerhof
Robert Bosch GmbH, Gerlingen, Germany
C.-W. Lin
National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
Q. Zhu
Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
F. Firouzi et al. (eds.), Intelligent Internet of Things,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30367-9_7
357
Intelligent and Connected Cyber-Physical
Systems: A Perspective from Connected
Autonomous Vehicles
Wanli Chang, Simon Burton, Chung-Wei Lin, Qi Zhu, Lydia Gauerhof,
and John McDermid
The need for connection and community is primal, as
fundamental as the need for air, water, and food.
Dean Ornish
Contents
7.1 Introduction ............................................................................... 357
7.2 Background ................................................................................ 360
7.2.1 Cyber Components .............................................................. 361
7.2.2 Physical Components ............................................................ 366
7.2.3 Cyber and Physical Interactions................................................. 369
7.3 Case Studies ............................................................................... 375
7.3.1 Assuring the Safety of Machine Learning-Based Perception for Highly
Automated Driving .............................................................. 375
7.3.2 Assuring the Security and Robustness of Connected Vehicle Applications. . . 384
7.4 Concluding Remarks ...................................................................... 390
References ........................................................................................ 391
7.1 Introduction
Cyber-physical systems (CPS) integrate computation, communication, and physical
processes. CPS range from small scale, such as wearable medical devices, to large
scale, such as national power grids. The concept of CPS is frequently discussed
W. Chang () · J. McDermid
University of York, York, UK
e-mail: wanli.chang@york.ac.uk
S. Burton · L. Gauerhof
Robert Bosch GmbH, Gerlingen, Germany
C.-W. Lin
National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
Q. Zhu
Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
F. Firouzi et al. (eds.), Intelligent Internet of Things,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30367-9_7
357