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F. Firouzi et al.
1.4 IoT Applications in Vertical Markets
There are many areas where the Internet of Things will have a major impact. What
follows is a sampling and a brief discussion of some of these IoT application areas.
1.4.1 Smart Agriculture
Also known as precision farming, since the power of data is brought to bear on
agricultural decisions, instead of the traditional wisdom and guesswork.
• Smart Greenhouses: An IoT-enabled greenhouse will allow for the finer automation and control of environmental parameters. As expected, all aspects of the
greenhouse can be monitored and recorded, including temperature, sunlight,
air quality, humidity, and air flow. Adjustments to the environment can be
recommended or automatically carried out depending on the recommendations
of cloud servers.
• Livestock Monitoring: Cattle and other livestock can be monitored with IoT
sensors to determine their location and vital signs to determine their health. Those
animals with warning signs of sickness can be identified, quarantined to protect
the others, and treated to overcome the sickness. This process saves on labor
costs, improves the health of the overall herd, and reduces the risk to the animals
and farmers.
• Agricultural Drones: In addition to placing sensors at key points, farmers can
use airborne drones to monitor much larger and widespread areas. These drones
can be recruited to plant seeds, spray existing crops, take soil samples, assess
the health of crops, or even monitor fields or assets for security purposes simply.
Historical records of crops can be more easily kept with drones assisting. They
could also be used for integrated GIS mapping and visualization. All of these data
points can ease the burdens on farmers, saving time and money and potentially
increasing the agricultural output of the farm.
As an example of IoT in agriculture, we can name Cropx company. This company
installs sensors to understand better water usage in fields growing crops. The data
are used to conserve better and utilize irrigation. The company also advises on the
type and use of pesticides and fertilizers to maximize the yields of crops. They do
this by collecting data on soil, air quality, crop maturity, and even weather and then
using algorithms and machine learning techniques to determine when and where to
intervene.
1.4.2 Logistics and Transportation
Logistics is all about moving items from one place to another. Warehouses are used
to store the items temporarily until they can be loaded onto vehicles and moved
F. Firouzi et al.
1.4 IoT Applications in Vertical Markets
There are many areas where the Internet of Things will have a major impact. What
follows is a sampling and a brief discussion of some of these IoT application areas.
1.4.1 Smart Agriculture
Also known as precision farming, since the power of data is brought to bear on
agricultural decisions, instead of the traditional wisdom and guesswork.
• Smart Greenhouses: An IoT-enabled greenhouse will allow for the finer automation and control of environmental parameters. As expected, all aspects of the
greenhouse can be monitored and recorded, including temperature, sunlight,
air quality, humidity, and air flow. Adjustments to the environment can be
recommended or automatically carried out depending on the recommendations
of cloud servers.
• Livestock Monitoring: Cattle and other livestock can be monitored with IoT
sensors to determine their location and vital signs to determine their health. Those
animals with warning signs of sickness can be identified, quarantined to protect
the others, and treated to overcome the sickness. This process saves on labor
costs, improves the health of the overall herd, and reduces the risk to the animals
and farmers.
• Agricultural Drones: In addition to placing sensors at key points, farmers can
use airborne drones to monitor much larger and widespread areas. These drones
can be recruited to plant seeds, spray existing crops, take soil samples, assess
the health of crops, or even monitor fields or assets for security purposes simply.
Historical records of crops can be more easily kept with drones assisting. They
could also be used for integrated GIS mapping and visualization. All of these data
points can ease the burdens on farmers, saving time and money and potentially
increasing the agricultural output of the farm.
As an example of IoT in agriculture, we can name Cropx company. This company
installs sensors to understand better water usage in fields growing crops. The data
are used to conserve better and utilize irrigation. The company also advises on the
type and use of pesticides and fertilizers to maximize the yields of crops. They do
this by collecting data on soil, air quality, crop maturity, and even weather and then
using algorithms and machine learning techniques to determine when and where to
intervene.
1.4.2 Logistics and Transportation
Logistics is all about moving items from one place to another. Warehouses are used
to store the items temporarily until they can be loaded onto vehicles and moved