328
Electrochemical Supercapacitors for Energy Storage and Delivery
module was connected to support the DC link voltage during the power system faults. This topology was capable of providing full ride-through to an
ASD by maintaining the DC link voltage level constant during the power
quality (voltage sag) disturbance.
8.8 High Power Sensors and Actuators
An actuator is a type of motor for moving or controlling a system or mechanism. It uses electric energy for operation and converts it into some kind of
motion. Mechanical actuators, for example, convert rotary motion into linear
motion or vice versa.
Electromechanical actuators can perform thrust vector control for the
launch of space vehicles and act as flood control actuators on submarines.
Most actuation systems demand pulsed currents with high peak power
requirements and fairly moderate average power requirements [20]. While
an ES bank on its own is unlikely to be able to store enough energy, a battery
combined with an ES can be designed to meet both average and peak load
requirements. If a battery alone is used to meet both requirements, an oversized configuration is required. This is undesirable for space-limited applications in which weight must be kept to a minimum. A hybrid power source
consisting of a battery and an ES bank can achieve a weight saving up to 60%
when compared to use of a battery alone [21].
8.9 Hybrid Electric Vehicles
The prospective use of ESs in electric vehicles has drawn much attention
to the technology. This technology appeals to the energy-conscious because
of its energy efficiency and the possibility of recovering energy lost during braking. Many of the current power sources under consideration for
installation in electric vehicles (EVs) do not meet the power requirements
of acceleration. Fuel cells are promising due to their high energy densities,
but their power specifications are still limited. Both the power and energy
requirements of an EV can be satisfied with a combination of fuel cell and
ES technology.
In general, a combined power source configuration allows a high energy
density device such as a fuel cell to provide the average load requirements.
Peak load requirements that result from accelerating or climbing up hills can
be met by a high power device such as an ES bank. The utilization of ES also
makes regenerative braking possible. Because the ES bank can be recharged,
Electrochemical Supercapacitors for Energy Storage and Delivery
module was connected to support the DC link voltage during the power system faults. This topology was capable of providing full ride-through to an
ASD by maintaining the DC link voltage level constant during the power
quality (voltage sag) disturbance.
8.8 High Power Sensors and Actuators
An actuator is a type of motor for moving or controlling a system or mechanism. It uses electric energy for operation and converts it into some kind of
motion. Mechanical actuators, for example, convert rotary motion into linear
motion or vice versa.
Electromechanical actuators can perform thrust vector control for the
launch of space vehicles and act as flood control actuators on submarines.
Most actuation systems demand pulsed currents with high peak power
requirements and fairly moderate average power requirements [20]. While
an ES bank on its own is unlikely to be able to store enough energy, a battery
combined with an ES can be designed to meet both average and peak load
requirements. If a battery alone is used to meet both requirements, an oversized configuration is required. This is undesirable for space-limited applications in which weight must be kept to a minimum. A hybrid power source
consisting of a battery and an ES bank can achieve a weight saving up to 60%
when compared to use of a battery alone [21].
8.9 Hybrid Electric Vehicles
The prospective use of ESs in electric vehicles has drawn much attention
to the technology. This technology appeals to the energy-conscious because
of its energy efficiency and the possibility of recovering energy lost during braking. Many of the current power sources under consideration for
installation in electric vehicles (EVs) do not meet the power requirements
of acceleration. Fuel cells are promising due to their high energy densities,
but their power specifications are still limited. Both the power and energy
requirements of an EV can be satisfied with a combination of fuel cell and
ES technology.
In general, a combined power source configuration allows a high energy
density device such as a fuel cell to provide the average load requirements.
Peak load requirements that result from accelerating or climbing up hills can
be met by a high power device such as an ES bank. The utilization of ES also
makes regenerative braking possible. Because the ES bank can be recharged,