Écologique, SIBE, Fig. 25.1) of Priority 1, 2 or 3, according to the following
definition: Priority 1 SIBE, areas that must be declared under some protection status
(such as the Nature Reserve) for a period of 5 years; Priority 2 SIBE, areas that must
receive a protection status for 10 years; and Priority 3 SIBE, areas where any human
activity is excluded and must enjoy a protection status for a period of 10 years.
25.1.4 Marine and Coastal Conservation in the Algerian
Sector of the Alboran Sea
In Algeria, the legislation on marine and coastal areas has adopted during the last
decades regional and international legal instruments to which the country is signatory (Boubekri and Djebar 2016). The development of protected areas through the
National Framework of Land Management (Schéma National d’Aménagement du
Territoire) constitutes the cornerstone of in situ conservation of biological diversity
in Algeria. As part of its environmental strategy, an important effort is being carried
out aimed at the knowledge and protection of coastal marine areas of relevance to
biodiversity, as well as complementary actions for the development of a management plan in a series of preselected areas (e.g. the Habibas Islands). According to this
strategy, measures related to the protection and conservation of the coastal heritage
will be applied in the future. Changes in national legislation to adapt the country to
the international legal background include a law on land use (2001), relative to the
organization and sustainable development of the territory, together with Coastal Law
02-02 (2002), followed by enactment of coastal area management programmes in
2003 and creation of the National Commission for the Littoral (Commissariat
National du Littoral) in 2004 to coordinate the management of marine nature
reserves in Algeria. According to Boubekri and Djebar (2016), the interest in the
establishment of MPAs in Algeria started in the 1980s. At that time, there was a lack
of legislative structures for their designation, and only one location (Banc des
Kabyles) was declared a Marine Reserve as part of Taza National Park. Later on
2002, Law 02-02 on the protection and valorization of the coast encouraged the
creation of a second MPA, which was subsequently established at the Habibas
Islands in 2003 under Decree No. 03.147. The purpose of that law is the elaboration
and application of a specific national policy for the management and protection of
the coast. The Law 11-02 of February 2011 defined the functions and responsibilities
of the different administrations and the possibility of delegating the management of
protected areas. According to this law, the following categories were established:
National Park (Parc National), Natural Park (Parc Naturel), Integral Nature Reserve
(Réserve Naturelle Intégrale) and Nature Reserve (Réserve Naturelle), among others
(Fig. 25.1) (Mateo-Ramírez et al. 2020a). For this, the law institutes a National
Commission of Protected Areas that will be in charge of evaluating the proposal and
categorization of each proposed area. The management of each proclaimed area falls
also on the institution that prepares the proposal.
25 Marine Protected Areas and Key Biodiversity Areas of the Alboran Sea and. . .
827
definition: Priority 1 SIBE, areas that must be declared under some protection status
(such as the Nature Reserve) for a period of 5 years; Priority 2 SIBE, areas that must
receive a protection status for 10 years; and Priority 3 SIBE, areas where any human
activity is excluded and must enjoy a protection status for a period of 10 years.
25.1.4 Marine and Coastal Conservation in the Algerian
Sector of the Alboran Sea
In Algeria, the legislation on marine and coastal areas has adopted during the last
decades regional and international legal instruments to which the country is signatory (Boubekri and Djebar 2016). The development of protected areas through the
National Framework of Land Management (Schéma National d’Aménagement du
Territoire) constitutes the cornerstone of in situ conservation of biological diversity
in Algeria. As part of its environmental strategy, an important effort is being carried
out aimed at the knowledge and protection of coastal marine areas of relevance to
biodiversity, as well as complementary actions for the development of a management plan in a series of preselected areas (e.g. the Habibas Islands). According to this
strategy, measures related to the protection and conservation of the coastal heritage
will be applied in the future. Changes in national legislation to adapt the country to
the international legal background include a law on land use (2001), relative to the
organization and sustainable development of the territory, together with Coastal Law
02-02 (2002), followed by enactment of coastal area management programmes in
2003 and creation of the National Commission for the Littoral (Commissariat
National du Littoral) in 2004 to coordinate the management of marine nature
reserves in Algeria. According to Boubekri and Djebar (2016), the interest in the
establishment of MPAs in Algeria started in the 1980s. At that time, there was a lack
of legislative structures for their designation, and only one location (Banc des
Kabyles) was declared a Marine Reserve as part of Taza National Park. Later on
2002, Law 02-02 on the protection and valorization of the coast encouraged the
creation of a second MPA, which was subsequently established at the Habibas
Islands in 2003 under Decree No. 03.147. The purpose of that law is the elaboration
and application of a specific national policy for the management and protection of
the coast. The Law 11-02 of February 2011 defined the functions and responsibilities
of the different administrations and the possibility of delegating the management of
protected areas. According to this law, the following categories were established:
National Park (Parc National), Natural Park (Parc Naturel), Integral Nature Reserve
(Réserve Naturelle Intégrale) and Nature Reserve (Réserve Naturelle), among others
(Fig. 25.1) (Mateo-Ramírez et al. 2020a). For this, the law institutes a National
Commission of Protected Areas that will be in charge of evaluating the proposal and
categorization of each proposed area. The management of each proclaimed area falls
also on the institution that prepares the proposal.
25 Marine Protected Areas and Key Biodiversity Areas of the Alboran Sea and. . .
827