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K. Anirudh and S. N. Yeole
Fig. 3 Comparison of traditional manufacturing process and additive manufacturing process.
Source J. Plos. One. l.13.1, p. e0190585
collected for standing and bent knee shape. It is found that kneeling position has high
internal stresses [10].
Traditional method of modeling protective pads is to collect the data of the body
using reverse engineering technology plaster casts, foam impressions, or manual
measurement [11]. As shown in Fig. 3, it is clear that the use of 3D scanners in the
manufacturing process has reduced the steps of preparing patient-specific devices
[12].
1.2 Knee Analysis
Most of the knee injuries occur due to instability [11]. The functional purpose of knee
is tested with sleeve, knee braces, and bare knee. The knee flexion is observed using
iso-kinetic dynamometer. The jump height and distance of the person is observed
using a vertical jump measuring device. The dynamic balance test is measured using
biodex balance system which is used to observe the stability of a person [13]. The
stair descents are tested to identify the knee joint angle based on the continuous steep
descent and sensors, infrared camera is used [14].