402
W
Water
based refinery, 15–16
chemistry, coal. see Coal–water chemistry
density, variations, 115f
fatty acid concentration, 116t, 117t
hydrogen, dissociation technologies
catalytic decomposition, 321
chemical methods, 319
electrolysis, 297–301
magmalysis, 320
magnetolysis, 321–322
photochemical, 301–305
plasmolysis, 321
radiolysis, 320
shock waves and mechanical pulses,
320–321
thermal decomposition, 305–307
thermochemical decomposition.
see Thermochemical water splitting
cycles (TCWSCs)

management for future, 15–16

properties, 114–117

requirement for

coal mining and preparation, 29
oil shale mining, 27
tar sands and heavy oil mining, 27–28
uranium mining and leaching, 28–29
role in

benign thermal energy, 33

fracking technique, 25–27

Index
nuclear power, 33–37
solar energy, 43–44

salts, solubility limits, 116t

usage

for coal bed methane recovery, 19–21
reason for growth, 18–19
to recover gas from geopressurized zones,
21–22
ways, energy and power

hydroelectricity, 361–367

hydrokinetic, 367–384

Water–gas shift reaction, 79
Wave Dragon, 376, 377f
Wave energy converters (WECs), 371–372
commercial applications, 372–376, 375t
types, 373f–374f
WaveRoller, 374, 376, 376f
Weizmann Institute of Science (WIS), 93, 312
Wet milling corn ethanol technology, 237–239,
240f
Wet pyrolysis process. see Hydrothermal
carbonization (HTC) process
X
xylose fermentation, 253–254
integration, 254f
pentose yeasts, usage difficulties, 253
y
Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolytes, 299