151
Hydrothermal Processes in Subcritical Water
52. Mikita, M., Bockrath, B., Davis, H., Friedman, S., and Illig, E., “Water and
nondonor-vehicle-assisted liquefaction of Illinois bituminous coal,” Energy & Fuels, 2,
534–538 (1988).
53. Burkhard, K., Werner, H., and Friedhelm, B., “Catalytic hydroliquefaction of biomass
with red mud and cobalt monoxide molybdenum trioxide catalysts,” Fuel, 69 (4),
448–455 (1990).
54. Sudong, Y. and Zhongchao, T., “Hydrothermal liquefaction of cellulose to bio-oil under
acidic, neutral and alkaline conditions,” Applied Energy, 92, 234–239 (2012).
55. Theegala, C. and Midgett, J., “Hydrothermal liquefaction of separated dairy manure
for production of bio-oils with simultaneous waste treatment,” Bioresource Technology,
107, 456–463 (2012).
56. Liu, H., xie, x., Li, M., and Sun, R., “Hydrothermal liquefaction of cypress: Effects of
reaction conditions on 5-lump distribution and composition,” Journal of Analytical and
Applied Pyrolysis, 94, 177–183 (2012).
57. Kang, S., Li, B., Chang, J., and Fan, J., “Antioxidant abilities comparison of lignins with
their hydrothermal liquefaction products,” BioResources, 6 (1), 243–252 (2011).
58. Liu, Z. and Zhang, F., “Removal of copper (II) and phenol from aqueous solution using
porous carbons derived from hydrothermal chars,” Desalination, 267 (1), 101–106 (2011).
59. Yin, S., Dolan, R., Harris, M., and Tan, Z., “Subcritical hydrothermal liquefaction of
cattle manure to bio-oil: Effects of conversion parameters on bio-oil yield and characterization of bio oil,” Bioresource Technology, 101 (10), 3657–3664 (2010).
60. xiu, S., Shahbazi, A., Shirley, V., and Cheng, D., “Hydrothermal pyrolysis of swine
manure to bio-oil: Effects of operating parameters on products yield and characterization of bio-oil,” Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 88 (1), 73–79 (2010).
61. Liu, Z. and Zhang, F., “Removal of lead from water using biochars prepared from hydrothermal liquefaction of biomass,” Journal of Hazardous Materials, 167 (1–3), 933–939
(2009).
62. Kruse, A., Maniam, P., and Spieler, F., “Influence of proteins on the hydrothermal gasification and liquefaction of biomass. 2. Model compounds,” Industrial & Engineering
Chemistry Research, 46 (1), 87–96 (2007).
63. Yanagida, T., Fujimoto, S., and Minowa, T., “Application of the severity parameter for
predicting viscosity during hydrothermal processing of dewatered sewage sludge for a
commercial PFBC plant,” Bioresource Technology, 101 (6), 2043–2045 (2010).
64. Zhang, B., von Keitz, M., and valentas, K., “Thermochemical liquefaction of high diversity
grassland perennials,” Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 84 (1), 18–24 (2009).
65. Balan, V., Kumar, S., Bals, B., Chundawat, S., Jin, M., and Dale, B., “Biochemical and
thermochemical conversion of switchgrass to biofuels,” in Monti, A. (ed.), Switchgrass:
A Valuable Biomass Crop for Energy. Springer, New York, 153–185 (2012).
66. Karagoz, S., Bhaskar, T., Muto, A., Sakata, Y., Oshiki, T., and Kishimoto, T., “Lowtemperature catalytic hydrothermal treatment of wood biomass: Analysis of liquid products,” Chemical Engineering Journal, 108 (12), 127–137 (2005).
67. Boocock, D.G.B. and Sherman, K.M., “Further aspects of powdered poplar wood liquefaction by aqueous pyrolysis,” Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 3, 627–633
(2009).
68. Kobayashi, N., Okada, N., Hirakawa, A., Sato, T., Kobayashi, J., Hatano, S., Itaya, Y., and
Mori, S., “Characteristics of solid residue obtained from hot compressed water treatment
of woody biomass,” Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 48, 373–379 (2009).
69. Qu, Y., Wei, x., and Zhong, C., “Experimental study on the direct liquefaction of
Cunninghamia lanceolata in water,” Energy, 28, 597–606 (2003).
70. Karagoz, S., Bhaskar, T., Muto, A., Sakata, Y., and Azhar Uddin, Md., “Low temperature
hydrothermal treatment of biomass: Effects of reaction parameters on products and boiling point distributions,” Energy & Fuels, 18, 234–241 (2004).
Hydrothermal Processes in Subcritical Water
52. Mikita, M., Bockrath, B., Davis, H., Friedman, S., and Illig, E., “Water and
nondonor-vehicle-assisted liquefaction of Illinois bituminous coal,” Energy & Fuels, 2,
534–538 (1988).
53. Burkhard, K., Werner, H., and Friedhelm, B., “Catalytic hydroliquefaction of biomass
with red mud and cobalt monoxide molybdenum trioxide catalysts,” Fuel, 69 (4),
448–455 (1990).
54. Sudong, Y. and Zhongchao, T., “Hydrothermal liquefaction of cellulose to bio-oil under
acidic, neutral and alkaline conditions,” Applied Energy, 92, 234–239 (2012).
55. Theegala, C. and Midgett, J., “Hydrothermal liquefaction of separated dairy manure
for production of bio-oils with simultaneous waste treatment,” Bioresource Technology,
107, 456–463 (2012).
56. Liu, H., xie, x., Li, M., and Sun, R., “Hydrothermal liquefaction of cypress: Effects of
reaction conditions on 5-lump distribution and composition,” Journal of Analytical and
Applied Pyrolysis, 94, 177–183 (2012).
57. Kang, S., Li, B., Chang, J., and Fan, J., “Antioxidant abilities comparison of lignins with
their hydrothermal liquefaction products,” BioResources, 6 (1), 243–252 (2011).
58. Liu, Z. and Zhang, F., “Removal of copper (II) and phenol from aqueous solution using
porous carbons derived from hydrothermal chars,” Desalination, 267 (1), 101–106 (2011).
59. Yin, S., Dolan, R., Harris, M., and Tan, Z., “Subcritical hydrothermal liquefaction of
cattle manure to bio-oil: Effects of conversion parameters on bio-oil yield and characterization of bio oil,” Bioresource Technology, 101 (10), 3657–3664 (2010).
60. xiu, S., Shahbazi, A., Shirley, V., and Cheng, D., “Hydrothermal pyrolysis of swine
manure to bio-oil: Effects of operating parameters on products yield and characterization of bio-oil,” Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 88 (1), 73–79 (2010).
61. Liu, Z. and Zhang, F., “Removal of lead from water using biochars prepared from hydrothermal liquefaction of biomass,” Journal of Hazardous Materials, 167 (1–3), 933–939
(2009).
62. Kruse, A., Maniam, P., and Spieler, F., “Influence of proteins on the hydrothermal gasification and liquefaction of biomass. 2. Model compounds,” Industrial & Engineering
Chemistry Research, 46 (1), 87–96 (2007).
63. Yanagida, T., Fujimoto, S., and Minowa, T., “Application of the severity parameter for
predicting viscosity during hydrothermal processing of dewatered sewage sludge for a
commercial PFBC plant,” Bioresource Technology, 101 (6), 2043–2045 (2010).
64. Zhang, B., von Keitz, M., and valentas, K., “Thermochemical liquefaction of high diversity
grassland perennials,” Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 84 (1), 18–24 (2009).
65. Balan, V., Kumar, S., Bals, B., Chundawat, S., Jin, M., and Dale, B., “Biochemical and
thermochemical conversion of switchgrass to biofuels,” in Monti, A. (ed.), Switchgrass:
A Valuable Biomass Crop for Energy. Springer, New York, 153–185 (2012).
66. Karagoz, S., Bhaskar, T., Muto, A., Sakata, Y., Oshiki, T., and Kishimoto, T., “Lowtemperature catalytic hydrothermal treatment of wood biomass: Analysis of liquid products,” Chemical Engineering Journal, 108 (12), 127–137 (2005).
67. Boocock, D.G.B. and Sherman, K.M., “Further aspects of powdered poplar wood liquefaction by aqueous pyrolysis,” Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 3, 627–633
(2009).
68. Kobayashi, N., Okada, N., Hirakawa, A., Sato, T., Kobayashi, J., Hatano, S., Itaya, Y., and
Mori, S., “Characteristics of solid residue obtained from hot compressed water treatment
of woody biomass,” Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 48, 373–379 (2009).
69. Qu, Y., Wei, x., and Zhong, C., “Experimental study on the direct liquefaction of
Cunninghamia lanceolata in water,” Energy, 28, 597–606 (2003).
70. Karagoz, S., Bhaskar, T., Muto, A., Sakata, Y., and Azhar Uddin, Md., “Low temperature
hydrothermal treatment of biomass: Effects of reaction parameters on products and boiling point distributions,” Energy & Fuels, 18, 234–241 (2004).