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Chapter 2 · The Raw Materials of Oleochemistry - Oil Plants
2
. Table 2.2 Important unsaturated fatty acids
Abbreviation
IUPAC name
Trivial name
Occurrence
C16:1(Δ9/c.)
cis-hexadecenoic acid
Palmitoleic acid
Seed oils
C18:1(Δ6/c.)
cis-6-octadecenoic acid
Petroselinic acid
Parsley seeds
C18:1(Δ9/c.)
cis-9-octadecenoic acid
Oleic acid
Palm oil, animal fats
C18:1(Δ9/t.)
trans-9-octadecenoic acid
Elaidic acid
Ruminant fats
C18:2(Δ9,12/c.c.)
Octadecadienic acid
Linoleic acid
Sunflower oil
C18:3(Δ9,12,15/all c.)
9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid
Linolenic acid
Hemp/linen oils
C18:3(Δ8,10,12/t.t.c.)
8,10,12-octadecatrienoic acid
Calendulic acid
Marigold
C20:1(Δ5/c.)
cis-5-eicosenoic acid
Eicosenoic acid
White marshbill
C20:4(Δ5,8,11,14/all c.) all-cis-5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid Arachidonic acid
Liver, fish oils
C22:1(Δ13/c.)
cis-13-docosenoic acid
Erucic acid
Old canola
C22:1(Δ13/t.)
trans-13-docosenoic acid
Brassidic acid
Isomerization of erucic acid
. Fig. 2.2 Natural fatty acids with several functional groups
OH
COOH
OH
COOH
12-Hydroxystearic acid
12-Hydroxy-9-octadecenoic acid
(Ricinoleic acid)
12
12
9
O
COOH
9
12,13-Epoxy-9-octadecenoic acid
(Vernolic acid)
COOH
O
4-Oxo-9,11,13-octadecatrienoic acid
(Licanic acid)
OH
11
4
COOH
14-Hydroxy-11-eicosenoic acid
(Lesquerolic acid)
14