0.5 MPa, and the high-pressure control pressure is only about 5 MPa. It is necessary to study the characteristics of ultrahigh pressure gas above 35 MPa and the
basic theory of pneumatic control. In recent years, with the transfer of overseas
manufacturing industry to China, domestic universities have begun to study aerodynamic control technology. The research on ultrahigh pressure pneumatic technology is rare in China.
At present, the main problems that need to be studied in the field of aerodynamic
control are as follows: (1) Usually, the pneumatic control pressure is 0.5 MPa, and
the high-pressure control pressure is only about 5 MPa. However, most
hydrogen-powered vehicles use ultrahigh pressure hydrogen storage. In order to
ensure a driving distance of 200 km after one hydrogenation, the hydrogen storage
pressure is usually more than 35 MPa. The hydrogen storage pressure should be as
high as 70 MPa to ensure the driving distance of 500 km after one hydrogenation.
Therefore, it is necessary to study the ultrahigh pressure pneumatic control technology to meet the needs of high-pressure hydrogen storage. (2) In the extreme
environment of large temperature range, vibration, impact and centrifuge, the air
chamber and its aerodynamic control characteristics will become extremely complex. At present, the research in this field is rare. In addition, aerodynamic asymmetry has seriously hindered the development of high-speed and high-pressure
pneumatic control technology, especially the rapid inflation and deflation of
high-pressure hydrogen.
13.1.3 Carbon Fiber Winding Cylinder for Fuel Cell
Vehicle
13.1.3.1 Fuel Cell Vehicle Hydrogen Storage Device
Fuel cell vehicle (FCV) drives the vehicle directly by the electric energy generated
by the chemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen. The exhaust is pure water,
which achieves zero emission. It is a new energy vehicle with high efficiency and
cleanliness. Among them, hydrogen storage technology is the key to the practical
utilization of hydrogen energy.
Nissan Automobile Company started to develop fuel cell vehicles in 1996. In
December 2002, Nissan obtained the recognition of high-pressure hydrogen fuel
cell vehicles from the Ministry of Land and Resources of Japan. In December 2003,
it began to sell fuel cell vehicles X-TRAIL FCV, which was equipped with 35 MPa
high-pressure hydrogen fuel device and traveled 350 km. The fuel cell vehicle
launched in December 2005 is equipped with 70 MPa hydrogen storage container
and fuel cell unit. The hydrogen storage quality has increased by 30% and the
driving distance has reached 500 km. Among them, 70 MPa hydrogen storage
vessel is made of aluminum alloy inner liner and carbon fiber reinforced plastics
(C-FRP) outer winding. C-FRP cylinder adopts high-strength and high-elasticity
328
13 Application of Pneumatic Technology in Fuel Cell Vehicles
basic theory of pneumatic control. In recent years, with the transfer of overseas
manufacturing industry to China, domestic universities have begun to study aerodynamic control technology. The research on ultrahigh pressure pneumatic technology is rare in China.
At present, the main problems that need to be studied in the field of aerodynamic
control are as follows: (1) Usually, the pneumatic control pressure is 0.5 MPa, and
the high-pressure control pressure is only about 5 MPa. However, most
hydrogen-powered vehicles use ultrahigh pressure hydrogen storage. In order to
ensure a driving distance of 200 km after one hydrogenation, the hydrogen storage
pressure is usually more than 35 MPa. The hydrogen storage pressure should be as
high as 70 MPa to ensure the driving distance of 500 km after one hydrogenation.
Therefore, it is necessary to study the ultrahigh pressure pneumatic control technology to meet the needs of high-pressure hydrogen storage. (2) In the extreme
environment of large temperature range, vibration, impact and centrifuge, the air
chamber and its aerodynamic control characteristics will become extremely complex. At present, the research in this field is rare. In addition, aerodynamic asymmetry has seriously hindered the development of high-speed and high-pressure
pneumatic control technology, especially the rapid inflation and deflation of
high-pressure hydrogen.
13.1.3 Carbon Fiber Winding Cylinder for Fuel Cell
Vehicle
13.1.3.1 Fuel Cell Vehicle Hydrogen Storage Device
Fuel cell vehicle (FCV) drives the vehicle directly by the electric energy generated
by the chemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen. The exhaust is pure water,
which achieves zero emission. It is a new energy vehicle with high efficiency and
cleanliness. Among them, hydrogen storage technology is the key to the practical
utilization of hydrogen energy.
Nissan Automobile Company started to develop fuel cell vehicles in 1996. In
December 2002, Nissan obtained the recognition of high-pressure hydrogen fuel
cell vehicles from the Ministry of Land and Resources of Japan. In December 2003,
it began to sell fuel cell vehicles X-TRAIL FCV, which was equipped with 35 MPa
high-pressure hydrogen fuel device and traveled 350 km. The fuel cell vehicle
launched in December 2005 is equipped with 70 MPa hydrogen storage container
and fuel cell unit. The hydrogen storage quality has increased by 30% and the
driving distance has reached 500 km. Among them, 70 MPa hydrogen storage
vessel is made of aluminum alloy inner liner and carbon fiber reinforced plastics
(C-FRP) outer winding. C-FRP cylinder adopts high-strength and high-elasticity
328
13 Application of Pneumatic Technology in Fuel Cell Vehicles