70
Alternative Fuels for Transportation
TABLe 3.6
Biodiesel Standards
Country
Standards
Europe
United States
Germany
India
Brazil
Japan
EN 14214
ASTM D 6751
DIN E 51601
IS 15607
ANP 42
JASO M360
TABLe 3.7
Biodiesel Specifications ASTM D 6751
Property
Test Method
ASTM D6751-07b
Flash point (°C)(closed cup), min
D 93
130
Water and sediment (%v), max
D 2709
0.05
Sulfated ash (mass %), max.
D 874
0.02
Kinematic viscosity at 40°C (cSt)
D 445
1.9–6.0
Total sulfur (mass %), max
D 5453
0.05
Carbon residue (mass %), max
D 4530
0.05
Cetane number, min
D 613
47
Acid no (mg KOH/g), max
D 664
0.5
Copper strip corrosion, max
D 130
No.3
Free glycerin (mass %)
D 6584
0.02
Total glycerin (mass %)
D 6584
0.24
Phosphorus content (% mass), max
D 4951
0.001
Distillation temperature (90% recovered (°C)), max
D 1160
360
Calcium and magnesium combined, max
EN 14538
5
Methanol content, % max
EN 14110
0.2
Oxidation stability, hours
EN 14112
3
Source: Annual book of ASTM standards. ASTM international, United States. Volume
5.04, 2008.
different countries and Tables 3.7 through 3.9 depict biodiesel specifications
of America, Europe, and India, respectively.
3.6 Engine Tests
The properties of biodiesel are almost similar to those of diesel and hence
it can be blended with diesel in any percentages and used to run the diesel engines. Various engine tests were conducted to study the engine