Ethanol
165
Kroeger, C. A. 1986. A neat methanol direct injection combustion system for heavy
duty applications. SAE 861169. Warrendale, PA.
Kwanchareon, P., A. Luengnaruemitchai, and S. Jai-In. 2007. Solubility of a dieselbiodiesel–ethanol blend, its fuel properties and its emission characteristics from
diesel engine. Fuel 86:1053–61.
Letcher, T. M. 1980. Ternary liquid-liquid phase diagrams for diesel fuel blends. South
African Journal of Science 76 (1): 130–32.
Letcher, T. M. 1983. Diesel blends for diesel engines. South African Journal of Science
79 (1): 4–7.
Licht, F. O. cited in Renewable Fuels Association, Ethanol Industry Outlook 2008 and
2009, pp. 16 and 29 (www.ethanolrfa.org).
Marek, N., and J. Evanoff. 2001. The use of ethanol blended diesel fuel in unmodified,
compression ignition engines: An interim case study. In Proceedings of the air
and waste management association 94th annual conference and exhibition, June
24. Orlando, FL.
McCormick, R. L., and R. Parish. 2001. Technical barriers to the use of ethanol in diesel
fuel. Milestone report NREL/MP-540-32674. Golden, CO: National Renewable
Energy Laboratory.
Meiring, P., R. S. Allan, A. C. Hansen, and P. W. L. Lyne. 1983. Tractor performance
and durability with ethanol–diesel fuel. ASABE Transactions 26:59–62.
Merritt, P. M., V. Ulmet, R. L. McCormick, W. E. Mitchell, and K. J. Baumgard. 2005.
Regulated and unregulated exhaust emissions comparison for three Tier II
non-road diesel engines operating on ethanol–diesel blends. SAE 2005-01-2193.
Warrendale, PA.
Minteer, S., ed. 2006. Alcoholic fuels. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
Naegeli, D. W., P. I. Lacey, M. J. Alger, and D. L. Endicott. Surface corrosion in ethanol
fuel pumps. SAE paper 971648.
Palmer, F. H. 1986. Vehicle performance of gasoline containing oxygenates. International
conference on petroleum based fuels and automotive applications, London.
Rakopoulos, C. D., K. A. Antonopoulos, and D. C. Rakopoulos. 2007. Experimental
heat release analysis and emissions of a HSDI engine fueled with ethanol–diesel
fuel blends. Energy 32:1791–1808.
Rakopoulos, D. C., C. D. Rakopoulos, E. C. Kakaras, and E. G. Giakoumis. 2008.
Effects of ethanol–diesel fuel blends on the performance and exhaust emissions of heavy duty DI diesel engine. Energy Conversion and Management
49:3155–62.
Schaus, J. E., P. McPartlin, R. L. Cole, R. B. Poola, and R. Sekar. 2000. Effect of ethanol fuel additive on diesel emissions. Report by Argonne National Laboratory for
Illinois Department of Commerce and Community Affairs and US Department
of Energy.
Shi, X., Y. Yu, H. He, S. Shuai, J. Wang, and R. Li. 2005. Emission characteristics using
methyl soyate–ethanol–diesel fuel blends on a diesel engine. Fuel 84:1543–49.
Shropshire, G. J., and C. E. Goering. 1982. Ethanol injection into a diesel engine.
ASABE Transactions 25:570–75.
Speidel, H. K., and I. Ahmed. 1999. Biodegradability characteristics of current and newlydeveloped alternative fuels. SAE 1999-01-3518, in SAE SP-1482.
Spreen, K. 1999. Evaluation of oxygenated diesel fuels. Final report for Pure Energy
Corporation prepared at Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX.
165
Kroeger, C. A. 1986. A neat methanol direct injection combustion system for heavy
duty applications. SAE 861169. Warrendale, PA.
Kwanchareon, P., A. Luengnaruemitchai, and S. Jai-In. 2007. Solubility of a dieselbiodiesel–ethanol blend, its fuel properties and its emission characteristics from
diesel engine. Fuel 86:1053–61.
Letcher, T. M. 1980. Ternary liquid-liquid phase diagrams for diesel fuel blends. South
African Journal of Science 76 (1): 130–32.
Letcher, T. M. 1983. Diesel blends for diesel engines. South African Journal of Science
79 (1): 4–7.
Licht, F. O. cited in Renewable Fuels Association, Ethanol Industry Outlook 2008 and
2009, pp. 16 and 29 (www.ethanolrfa.org).
Marek, N., and J. Evanoff. 2001. The use of ethanol blended diesel fuel in unmodified,
compression ignition engines: An interim case study. In Proceedings of the air
and waste management association 94th annual conference and exhibition, June
24. Orlando, FL.
McCormick, R. L., and R. Parish. 2001. Technical barriers to the use of ethanol in diesel
fuel. Milestone report NREL/MP-540-32674. Golden, CO: National Renewable
Energy Laboratory.
Meiring, P., R. S. Allan, A. C. Hansen, and P. W. L. Lyne. 1983. Tractor performance
and durability with ethanol–diesel fuel. ASABE Transactions 26:59–62.
Merritt, P. M., V. Ulmet, R. L. McCormick, W. E. Mitchell, and K. J. Baumgard. 2005.
Regulated and unregulated exhaust emissions comparison for three Tier II
non-road diesel engines operating on ethanol–diesel blends. SAE 2005-01-2193.
Warrendale, PA.
Minteer, S., ed. 2006. Alcoholic fuels. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
Naegeli, D. W., P. I. Lacey, M. J. Alger, and D. L. Endicott. Surface corrosion in ethanol
fuel pumps. SAE paper 971648.
Palmer, F. H. 1986. Vehicle performance of gasoline containing oxygenates. International
conference on petroleum based fuels and automotive applications, London.
Rakopoulos, C. D., K. A. Antonopoulos, and D. C. Rakopoulos. 2007. Experimental
heat release analysis and emissions of a HSDI engine fueled with ethanol–diesel
fuel blends. Energy 32:1791–1808.
Rakopoulos, D. C., C. D. Rakopoulos, E. C. Kakaras, and E. G. Giakoumis. 2008.
Effects of ethanol–diesel fuel blends on the performance and exhaust emissions of heavy duty DI diesel engine. Energy Conversion and Management
49:3155–62.
Schaus, J. E., P. McPartlin, R. L. Cole, R. B. Poola, and R. Sekar. 2000. Effect of ethanol fuel additive on diesel emissions. Report by Argonne National Laboratory for
Illinois Department of Commerce and Community Affairs and US Department
of Energy.
Shi, X., Y. Yu, H. He, S. Shuai, J. Wang, and R. Li. 2005. Emission characteristics using
methyl soyate–ethanol–diesel fuel blends on a diesel engine. Fuel 84:1543–49.
Shropshire, G. J., and C. E. Goering. 1982. Ethanol injection into a diesel engine.
ASABE Transactions 25:570–75.
Speidel, H. K., and I. Ahmed. 1999. Biodegradability characteristics of current and newlydeveloped alternative fuels. SAE 1999-01-3518, in SAE SP-1482.
Spreen, K. 1999. Evaluation of oxygenated diesel fuels. Final report for Pure Energy
Corporation prepared at Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX.