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18. MNAM (2018) ChemTunes: https://www.mn-am.com/products/chemtunes (cited 04/07/2018)
19. NLM (2018) ChemIDplus. https://chem.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/ (cited 2018 06/06)
20. NLM (2018) TOXNET. https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/ (cited 2018 06/06)
21. Ideaconsult Ltd (2018) Toxtree. http://toxtree.sourceforge.net/ (cited 2018 06/06)
22. Welling PG (1995) Differences between pharmacokinetics and toxicokinetics. Toxicol Pathol
23(2):143–147
23. Shen DD (2013) Toxicokinetics. In: Klaassen CD (ed) Cassarett and Doull’s toxicology: the
basic science of poisons (8th edn). McGraw-Hill Professional Publishing
24. Dhillon SG, Gill K (2006) Basic pharmacokinetics. In: Dhillon S (ed) Clinical pharmacokinetics
(1st edn). Pharmaceutical Press
25. Withey JR (1978) The toxicology of styrene monomer and its pharmacokinetics and distribution
in the rat. Scand J Work Environ Health 4(Suppl 2):31–40
26. Withey JR, Collins PG (1977) Pharmacokinetics and distribution of styrene monomer in rats
after intravenous administration. J Toxicol Environ Health 3(5–6):1011–1020
27. Withey JR, Collins PG (1978) Styrene monomer in foods a limited Canadian Survey. Bull
Environ Contam Toxicol 19(1):86–94
28. Withey JR, Collins PG (1979) The distribution and pharmacokinetics of styrene monomer in
rats by the pulmonary route. J Environ Pathol Toxicol 2(6):1329–1342
29. Withey JR, Karpinski K (1985) Fetal distribution of styrene in rats after vapor phase exposures.
Biol Res Pregnancy Perinatol 6(2):59–64
30. Cruzan G, Cushman JR, Andrews LS, Granville GC, Johnson KA, Bevan C, Hardy CJ, Coombs
DW, Mullins PA, Brown WR (2001) Chronic toxicity/oncogenicity study of styrene in CD-1
mice by inhalation exposure for 104 weeks. J Appl Toxicol 21(3):185–198
31. NCI. Bioassay of styrene for possible carcinogenicity. NCI, 1979 NCI-CG-TR-185
32. Cruzan G, Bus JS, Andersen ME, Carlson GP, Banton MI, Sarang SS, Waites R (2018) Based
on an analysis of mode of action, styrene-induced mouse lung tumors are not a human cancer
concern. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 95:17–28
33. Rosenbaum SE (2016) Introduction to noncompartmental analysis. In: Rosenbaum SE (ed)
Basic pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics: an integrated textbook and computer simulations (2nd edn). Wiley, Hoboken
34. Russell MH, Himmelstein MW, Buck RC (2015) Inhalation and oral toxicokinetics of 6:2
FTOH and its metabolites in mammals. Chemosphere 120:328–335
35. Kabadi SV, Fisher J, Aungst J, Rice P (2018) Internal exposure-based pharmacokinetic evaluation of potential for biopersistence of 6:2 fluorotelomer alcohol (FTOH) and its metabolites.
Food Chem Toxicol 112:375–382
36. Yang RS, Dennison JE, Andersen ME, Ou YC, Liao KH, Reisfeld B (2004) Physiologically
based pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic modeling. In: Holland EC (ed) Mouse models
of human cancer. Wiley, pp 391–405
37. Andersen ME, Krishnan K (1994) Physiologically based pharmacokinetics and cancer risk
assessment. Environ Health Perspect 102(Suppl 1):103–108
38. Clewell HJ 3rd, Andersen ME (1994) Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling and
bioactivation of xenobiotics. Toxicol Ind Health 10(1–2):1–24
39. Krishnan K, Clewell HJ 3rd, Andersen ME (1994) Physiologically based pharmacokinetic
analyses of simple mixtures. Environ Health Perspect 102(Suppl 9):151–155
40. Ramsey JC, Andersen ME (1984) A physiologically based description of the inhalation pharmacokinetics of styrene in rats and humans. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 73(1):159–175
41. Csanady GA, Mendrala AL, Nolan RJ, Filser JG (1994) A physiologic pharmacokinetic model
for styrene and styrene-7,8-oxide in mouse, rat and man. Arch Toxicol 68(3):143–157
42. Sarangapani R, Teeguarden JG, Cruzan G, Clewell HJ, Andersen ME (2002) Physiologically
based pharmacokinetic modeling of styrene and styrene oxide respiratory-tract dosimetry in
rodents and humans. Inhal Toxicol 14(8):789–834
43. McLanahan ED, Andersen ME, Fisher JW (2008) A biologically based dose-response model
for dietary iodide and the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis in the adult rat: evaluation of
iodide deficiency. Toxicol Sci 102(2):241–253
P. Volarath et al.
17. ACD/Labs (2018) ACD/labs. https://www.acdlabs.com/support/version/ (07/08/2018)
18. MNAM (2018) ChemTunes: https://www.mn-am.com/products/chemtunes (cited 04/07/2018)
19. NLM (2018) ChemIDplus. https://chem.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/ (cited 2018 06/06)
20. NLM (2018) TOXNET. https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/ (cited 2018 06/06)
21. Ideaconsult Ltd (2018) Toxtree. http://toxtree.sourceforge.net/ (cited 2018 06/06)
22. Welling PG (1995) Differences between pharmacokinetics and toxicokinetics. Toxicol Pathol
23(2):143–147
23. Shen DD (2013) Toxicokinetics. In: Klaassen CD (ed) Cassarett and Doull’s toxicology: the
basic science of poisons (8th edn). McGraw-Hill Professional Publishing
24. Dhillon SG, Gill K (2006) Basic pharmacokinetics. In: Dhillon S (ed) Clinical pharmacokinetics
(1st edn). Pharmaceutical Press
25. Withey JR (1978) The toxicology of styrene monomer and its pharmacokinetics and distribution
in the rat. Scand J Work Environ Health 4(Suppl 2):31–40
26. Withey JR, Collins PG (1977) Pharmacokinetics and distribution of styrene monomer in rats
after intravenous administration. J Toxicol Environ Health 3(5–6):1011–1020
27. Withey JR, Collins PG (1978) Styrene monomer in foods a limited Canadian Survey. Bull
Environ Contam Toxicol 19(1):86–94
28. Withey JR, Collins PG (1979) The distribution and pharmacokinetics of styrene monomer in
rats by the pulmonary route. J Environ Pathol Toxicol 2(6):1329–1342
29. Withey JR, Karpinski K (1985) Fetal distribution of styrene in rats after vapor phase exposures.
Biol Res Pregnancy Perinatol 6(2):59–64
30. Cruzan G, Cushman JR, Andrews LS, Granville GC, Johnson KA, Bevan C, Hardy CJ, Coombs
DW, Mullins PA, Brown WR (2001) Chronic toxicity/oncogenicity study of styrene in CD-1
mice by inhalation exposure for 104 weeks. J Appl Toxicol 21(3):185–198
31. NCI. Bioassay of styrene for possible carcinogenicity. NCI, 1979 NCI-CG-TR-185
32. Cruzan G, Bus JS, Andersen ME, Carlson GP, Banton MI, Sarang SS, Waites R (2018) Based
on an analysis of mode of action, styrene-induced mouse lung tumors are not a human cancer
concern. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 95:17–28
33. Rosenbaum SE (2016) Introduction to noncompartmental analysis. In: Rosenbaum SE (ed)
Basic pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics: an integrated textbook and computer simulations (2nd edn). Wiley, Hoboken
34. Russell MH, Himmelstein MW, Buck RC (2015) Inhalation and oral toxicokinetics of 6:2
FTOH and its metabolites in mammals. Chemosphere 120:328–335
35. Kabadi SV, Fisher J, Aungst J, Rice P (2018) Internal exposure-based pharmacokinetic evaluation of potential for biopersistence of 6:2 fluorotelomer alcohol (FTOH) and its metabolites.
Food Chem Toxicol 112:375–382
36. Yang RS, Dennison JE, Andersen ME, Ou YC, Liao KH, Reisfeld B (2004) Physiologically
based pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic modeling. In: Holland EC (ed) Mouse models
of human cancer. Wiley, pp 391–405
37. Andersen ME, Krishnan K (1994) Physiologically based pharmacokinetics and cancer risk
assessment. Environ Health Perspect 102(Suppl 1):103–108
38. Clewell HJ 3rd, Andersen ME (1994) Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling and
bioactivation of xenobiotics. Toxicol Ind Health 10(1–2):1–24
39. Krishnan K, Clewell HJ 3rd, Andersen ME (1994) Physiologically based pharmacokinetic
analyses of simple mixtures. Environ Health Perspect 102(Suppl 9):151–155
40. Ramsey JC, Andersen ME (1984) A physiologically based description of the inhalation pharmacokinetics of styrene in rats and humans. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 73(1):159–175
41. Csanady GA, Mendrala AL, Nolan RJ, Filser JG (1994) A physiologic pharmacokinetic model
for styrene and styrene-7,8-oxide in mouse, rat and man. Arch Toxicol 68(3):143–157
42. Sarangapani R, Teeguarden JG, Cruzan G, Clewell HJ, Andersen ME (2002) Physiologically
based pharmacokinetic modeling of styrene and styrene oxide respiratory-tract dosimetry in
rodents and humans. Inhal Toxicol 14(8):789–834
43. McLanahan ED, Andersen ME, Fisher JW (2008) A biologically based dose-response model
for dietary iodide and the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis in the adult rat: evaluation of
iodide deficiency. Toxicol Sci 102(2):241–253