154
6 Nanomaterials for Batteries
Fig. 6.8 Polymer anode
material, reprinted from Ref.
(Suga et al. 2009), copyright
2009, with permission from
WILEY–VCH
At 10 C, the polymer can achieve a theoretical capacity of 100% with a discharge
platform of 0.06 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) and a 500-cycle cycle capacity loss of less than
5%. Polymer 2 has a higher theoretical specific capacity (103 mAh/g) and a lower
electrode potential (−0.76 V vs. Ag/AgCl) than Polymer 1, but it has not been
reported as a battery anode.
6.3.3 Sodium-Ion Battery Electrolyte
The electrolytes of sodium-ion batteries are classified according to their state of
existence and can be divided into liquid and solid electrolytes. The liquid electrolyte used in sodium-ion batteries is also dissolved in organic solvents by sodium
salts. The sodium salts are generally NaPF 6 , NaClO 4 , NaAsF 6 , NaNO 3 , etc. The
organic solvents can also be analogized to the electrolyte solvents in LIBs. With alkyl
carbonate compounds. Alexandre Ponrouch across measurement of the viscosity
and conductivity and single electrolyte and complex electrolyte solvents, the high
temperature stability of the integrated solvent, the stability of the electrochemical
window, and the electrolyte solution of different sodium salts can be assembled
to measure the cycle stability of the whole cell. The rate performance concludes
that the EC:PC (v:v, 1:1) electrolyte solution of NaClO 4 exhibits the best overall
performance. The polymer electrolyte is made by adding a salt substance into a
polymer matrix in a doped form to form an ion-conductive polymer. The common
polymer matrixes are linear, chain, and cross-linked polymers, such as commonly
used PEO, PTFE, and PAN. The alkali metal salts are all sodium salts with negatively
charged bulky anions such as NaBH 4 , NaI, NaBF 4 , and sodium polyphosphate. There
is also a sodium superconductor of NASICON structure, whose structural formula
is A x MM(XO 4 ) 3 (M = V, Fe, Mn), which is a kind of composite electrolyte. Its
earliest research history is the application of sodium -sulfur battery solid electrolyte.
6 Nanomaterials for Batteries
Fig. 6.8 Polymer anode
material, reprinted from Ref.
(Suga et al. 2009), copyright
2009, with permission from
WILEY–VCH
At 10 C, the polymer can achieve a theoretical capacity of 100% with a discharge
platform of 0.06 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) and a 500-cycle cycle capacity loss of less than
5%. Polymer 2 has a higher theoretical specific capacity (103 mAh/g) and a lower
electrode potential (−0.76 V vs. Ag/AgCl) than Polymer 1, but it has not been
reported as a battery anode.
6.3.3 Sodium-Ion Battery Electrolyte
The electrolytes of sodium-ion batteries are classified according to their state of
existence and can be divided into liquid and solid electrolytes. The liquid electrolyte used in sodium-ion batteries is also dissolved in organic solvents by sodium
salts. The sodium salts are generally NaPF 6 , NaClO 4 , NaAsF 6 , NaNO 3 , etc. The
organic solvents can also be analogized to the electrolyte solvents in LIBs. With alkyl
carbonate compounds. Alexandre Ponrouch across measurement of the viscosity
and conductivity and single electrolyte and complex electrolyte solvents, the high
temperature stability of the integrated solvent, the stability of the electrochemical
window, and the electrolyte solution of different sodium salts can be assembled
to measure the cycle stability of the whole cell. The rate performance concludes
that the EC:PC (v:v, 1:1) electrolyte solution of NaClO 4 exhibits the best overall
performance. The polymer electrolyte is made by adding a salt substance into a
polymer matrix in a doped form to form an ion-conductive polymer. The common
polymer matrixes are linear, chain, and cross-linked polymers, such as commonly
used PEO, PTFE, and PAN. The alkali metal salts are all sodium salts with negatively
charged bulky anions such as NaBH 4 , NaI, NaBF 4 , and sodium polyphosphate. There
is also a sodium superconductor of NASICON structure, whose structural formula
is A x MM(XO 4 ) 3 (M = V, Fe, Mn), which is a kind of composite electrolyte. Its
earliest research history is the application of sodium -sulfur battery solid electrolyte.