16
A. Chatzimichail et al.
3.2.3 Video
A minimum collection of properties capable of defining media resources such as
videos, images and audio files has been developed by the W3C Media Annotation
Working Group (MAWG). The implemented annotation model [101] consists of
several descriptive and technical properties that can be used to describe any kind of
multimedia resources along with their technical characteristics. Among the descriptive properties are the title, the language, the creator, the publisher etc. The technical
properties refer to more technical aspects of the a media resource like the compression rate, the format etc. The descriptive properties have been defined in such a way
that the ontology can be considered as media-agnostic since they can describe any
multimedia object. On the other hand the technical properties are specific to particular types of multimedia objects. Figure 2 provides a summary of the key concepts
of the given ontology [102].
3.2.4 Text—Social Media
Named entity linking (NEL) or Entity linking (EL) is the task of mapping an entity
appearing in a document to a respective Knowledge Base (KB) identifier and is
considered as a fundamental step to semantic language understanding. Considering
the abundance of text circulating online and the quantity of pieces of information
to be represented in text analysis systems, being able to correctly discern among
homographic entities determines the KB’s quality and subsequently, the entire system’s efficacy. Word polysemy, abbreviations and acronyms, spelling variations and
synonyms are some of the factors that pose challenges towards entity disambiguation and correct linking. The application possibilities are numerous and range from
Fig. 1 Event-model F [99]
A. Chatzimichail et al.
3.2.3 Video
A minimum collection of properties capable of defining media resources such as
videos, images and audio files has been developed by the W3C Media Annotation
Working Group (MAWG). The implemented annotation model [101] consists of
several descriptive and technical properties that can be used to describe any kind of
multimedia resources along with their technical characteristics. Among the descriptive properties are the title, the language, the creator, the publisher etc. The technical
properties refer to more technical aspects of the a media resource like the compression rate, the format etc. The descriptive properties have been defined in such a way
that the ontology can be considered as media-agnostic since they can describe any
multimedia object. On the other hand the technical properties are specific to particular types of multimedia objects. Figure 2 provides a summary of the key concepts
of the given ontology [102].
3.2.4 Text—Social Media
Named entity linking (NEL) or Entity linking (EL) is the task of mapping an entity
appearing in a document to a respective Knowledge Base (KB) identifier and is
considered as a fundamental step to semantic language understanding. Considering
the abundance of text circulating online and the quantity of pieces of information
to be represented in text analysis systems, being able to correctly discern among
homographic entities determines the KB’s quality and subsequently, the entire system’s efficacy. Word polysemy, abbreviations and acronyms, spelling variations and
synonyms are some of the factors that pose challenges towards entity disambiguation and correct linking. The application possibilities are numerous and range from
Fig. 1 Event-model F [99]