Provenance Data Models and Assertions: A Demonstrative Approach
105
The PROV-DM concepts are defined as:
• Entity—any real, digital thing.
• Activity—procedures by which an Entity is created and comes to existence. It
describes a method by which a new Entity is formed along with its attributes.
• Agent—an individual that participates in the creation of an Entity through an
Activity.
This chapter aims to embed and highlight the relevance of provenance in an
OWL-based University Ontology. It demonstrates the implementation of provenance
through scenario assertions using Protégé editor and embedded tools developed by
Stanford Center for Biomedical Informatics Research.
After introducing the concept and the need for provenance in the semantic systems
we further proceed with the implementation aspects. The chapter explores various
aspects relevant to the implementation of provenance, whereby the concept of trust is
introduced in Sect. 2, and the types of provenance and common models are deliberated
in Sects. 3 and 4 respectively. Section 5 deciphers the provenance layered cake and
the subsequent sections demonstrate the incorporation of provenance through various
assertions and their implementations.
2 Trust in Semantic Web
The Semantic Web is an interconnected ecosystem of knowledge that exhibits properties like heterogeneity, openness, and ubiquity. Semantic Web enables the user to
make semantic based serach unlike the keyword based search.The Semantic Web
allows users to contribute to an environment where humans as well as software
agents possess the capability to affect a change. In such circumstances, it becomes
very critical to evaluate the trustworthiness of the data items that are retrieved using
the semantic agents and their ontologies. Trust allows users to leverage and exploit
the full potential of the semantic systems [2].
A trust ecosystem can be a structure of metadata on individuals that comprises
of class instances having annotations about the trustworthiness of the same. Trust
is a crucial factor that needs to be incorporated into ontologies as it would help in
creating a semantic network that would help in retrieving trustworthy data.
Provenance and trust are interrelated since assertion for provenance will ensure
trust. Trust is a numerical measure that may depend on its context and use. Establishing trust in an object or an Entity involves analyzing its origination trail and its
authenticity. Provenance by virtue of its process flow shall ensure trust. It can be thus
concluded that provenance is a platform for the trust algorithm [2].
105
The PROV-DM concepts are defined as:
• Entity—any real, digital thing.
• Activity—procedures by which an Entity is created and comes to existence. It
describes a method by which a new Entity is formed along with its attributes.
• Agent—an individual that participates in the creation of an Entity through an
Activity.
This chapter aims to embed and highlight the relevance of provenance in an
OWL-based University Ontology. It demonstrates the implementation of provenance
through scenario assertions using Protégé editor and embedded tools developed by
Stanford Center for Biomedical Informatics Research.
After introducing the concept and the need for provenance in the semantic systems
we further proceed with the implementation aspects. The chapter explores various
aspects relevant to the implementation of provenance, whereby the concept of trust is
introduced in Sect. 2, and the types of provenance and common models are deliberated
in Sects. 3 and 4 respectively. Section 5 deciphers the provenance layered cake and
the subsequent sections demonstrate the incorporation of provenance through various
assertions and their implementations.
2 Trust in Semantic Web
The Semantic Web is an interconnected ecosystem of knowledge that exhibits properties like heterogeneity, openness, and ubiquity. Semantic Web enables the user to
make semantic based serach unlike the keyword based search.The Semantic Web
allows users to contribute to an environment where humans as well as software
agents possess the capability to affect a change. In such circumstances, it becomes
very critical to evaluate the trustworthiness of the data items that are retrieved using
the semantic agents and their ontologies. Trust allows users to leverage and exploit
the full potential of the semantic systems [2].
A trust ecosystem can be a structure of metadata on individuals that comprises
of class instances having annotations about the trustworthiness of the same. Trust
is a crucial factor that needs to be incorporated into ontologies as it would help in
creating a semantic network that would help in retrieving trustworthy data.
Provenance and trust are interrelated since assertion for provenance will ensure
trust. Trust is a numerical measure that may depend on its context and use. Establishing trust in an object or an Entity involves analyzing its origination trail and its
authenticity. Provenance by virtue of its process flow shall ensure trust. It can be thus
concluded that provenance is a platform for the trust algorithm [2].