2013). The coming decade will belong to understand molecular processes and
manipulation at the cellular level using bioinformatics and by more modifications
and detailed analysis of various processes for the bioremediation of hazardous
pollutants (Kumavath and Deverapalli 2013). Decontamination of contaminated
sites by contaminants should be the first preference for authorities governing around
the world. Bioremediation is a million-dollar project therefore cheap methods are
being investigated constantly to promote sustainable living by using specified
approaches (Wu et al. 2008).
15.7 Conclusion
To conclude, removal of toxic and hazardous chemical contaminants form the
environment is of utmost concern, wherein bioremediation is a boon for the modern
world of urbanization, and it has been accepted as a universal process for remediation of contaminated sites throughout the globe. It has been proved a less expensive
and eco-friendly approach as compared to conventional methods used for remediation. Several microbes and microbial enzymes are exploited for this process and with
the increasing industrialization researchers throughout the world trying to find out
more alternatives by the production of genetically modified organisms to enhance
the remediation process to cope with the demands of the future. Molecular tools have
proved to be beneficial for bringing out innovations in this field. However, many
omics approaches have been targeted for this purpose although they have been
implied for bringing out modifications in the field of bioremediation, but there are
still many constraints that pose the way towards progress in the improvement of
microbial strains. Apart from these hurdles, bioremediation continues to be the most
productive method of removal of pollutants and protecting earth.
References
Abatenh E, Gizaw B, Tsegaye Z et al (2017) Application of microorganisms in bioremediationreview. J Environ Microbiol 1(1):2–9
Adenipekun CO, Lawal R (2012) Uses of mushrooms in bioremediation: a review. Biotechnol Mol
Biol Rev 7(3):62–68
Agwu A, Kalu AU (2012) Bioremediation and environmental sustainability in Nigeria. Int J Acad
Res Prog Educ Dev 1(3):26–31
Ahuja SK, Ferreira GM, Moreira AR (2004) Utilization of enzymes for environmental applications.
Crit Rev Biotechnol 24(2–3):125–154
Ali H (2010) Biodegradation of synthetic dyes – a review. Water Air Soil Pollut 213(1–4):251–273
Alkorta I, Epelde L, Garbisu C (2017) Environmental parameters altered by climate change affect
the activity of soil microorganisms involved in bioremediation. FEMS Microbiol Lett 364(19)
Ateia M, Yoshimura C, Nasr M (2016) In-situ biological water treatment technologies for environmental remediation: a review. J Bioremed Biodegr 7(3):1–5
Azubuike CC, Chikere CB, Okpokwasili GC (2016) Bioremediation techniques–classification
based on site of application: principles, advantages, limitations, and prospects. World J
Microbiol Biotechnol 32(180):1–18
15 The Role of Microorganisms in Remediation of Environmental Contaminants
447
manipulation at the cellular level using bioinformatics and by more modifications
and detailed analysis of various processes for the bioremediation of hazardous
pollutants (Kumavath and Deverapalli 2013). Decontamination of contaminated
sites by contaminants should be the first preference for authorities governing around
the world. Bioremediation is a million-dollar project therefore cheap methods are
being investigated constantly to promote sustainable living by using specified
approaches (Wu et al. 2008).
15.7 Conclusion
To conclude, removal of toxic and hazardous chemical contaminants form the
environment is of utmost concern, wherein bioremediation is a boon for the modern
world of urbanization, and it has been accepted as a universal process for remediation of contaminated sites throughout the globe. It has been proved a less expensive
and eco-friendly approach as compared to conventional methods used for remediation. Several microbes and microbial enzymes are exploited for this process and with
the increasing industrialization researchers throughout the world trying to find out
more alternatives by the production of genetically modified organisms to enhance
the remediation process to cope with the demands of the future. Molecular tools have
proved to be beneficial for bringing out innovations in this field. However, many
omics approaches have been targeted for this purpose although they have been
implied for bringing out modifications in the field of bioremediation, but there are
still many constraints that pose the way towards progress in the improvement of
microbial strains. Apart from these hurdles, bioremediation continues to be the most
productive method of removal of pollutants and protecting earth.
References
Abatenh E, Gizaw B, Tsegaye Z et al (2017) Application of microorganisms in bioremediationreview. J Environ Microbiol 1(1):2–9
Adenipekun CO, Lawal R (2012) Uses of mushrooms in bioremediation: a review. Biotechnol Mol
Biol Rev 7(3):62–68
Agwu A, Kalu AU (2012) Bioremediation and environmental sustainability in Nigeria. Int J Acad
Res Prog Educ Dev 1(3):26–31
Ahuja SK, Ferreira GM, Moreira AR (2004) Utilization of enzymes for environmental applications.
Crit Rev Biotechnol 24(2–3):125–154
Ali H (2010) Biodegradation of synthetic dyes – a review. Water Air Soil Pollut 213(1–4):251–273
Alkorta I, Epelde L, Garbisu C (2017) Environmental parameters altered by climate change affect
the activity of soil microorganisms involved in bioremediation. FEMS Microbiol Lett 364(19)
Ateia M, Yoshimura C, Nasr M (2016) In-situ biological water treatment technologies for environmental remediation: a review. J Bioremed Biodegr 7(3):1–5
Azubuike CC, Chikere CB, Okpokwasili GC (2016) Bioremediation techniques–classification
based on site of application: principles, advantages, limitations, and prospects. World J
Microbiol Biotechnol 32(180):1–18
15 The Role of Microorganisms in Remediation of Environmental Contaminants
447