fertilization and crop rotation in the southern area of Fe exploitation, 5–20-cm-depth
samples were collected for the enzymatic analysis of parcels representing five
fertilization variants: V 1 , non-fertilized (control); V 2 , fertilized with manure (40 t/
ha); V 3 , fertilized complex, organic and mineral stable (40 t/ha +N 100 P 60 K 40 ); V 4 ,
fertilized with NPK in the dose N 100 P 60 K 40 ; and V5, fertilized with NPK in the dose
N 300 P 180 K 120 . Mineral fertilizers were administered as NH 4 NO 3 , superphosphate,
and potassium salt. Each variant comprised plots that were cultivated in 1995 with
corn, oats, or sprats.
Nonenzymatic, enzymatic, and catalytic potential (current and potential dehydrogenase activities, invertase, phosphatase, urease, and nonenzymatic cleavage capacity of H 2 O), as well as the harvest of the three plants, was the highest in the soil of the
complex fertilized plots and the lowest in the soil of the unfertilized plots.
Significant correlations were found between invertase activity and corn harvest,
and between phosphatase activity and sparse production. But under the influence of
long-term fertilization, the productive capacity of the studied technogenic soil has
increased to a greater extent than its biological potential reflected by its EAs. Thus,
long-term fertilization is able to increase the productive capacity of the technical soil,
but its stimulating effect on the EAs of the soil is the result of much slower processes.
An experiment was described in which the fermented and dried sludge was used for
fertilization, coming from the middle of the 2.5 m distance between the pine trees
and the algin soil under the alder. The invertase, urease, and proteinase activities
were also highest in the technical soil under the alder. In a manganese quarry, several
EAs were determined in different layers of a 20-year-old spontaneously re-smeared
plot of land, which is currently covered by a stable phytocoenosis, Poa angustifolia
and Artemisia austriaca, and found that the activities were much higher (catalase
activity of 1.5, phosphatase 13, urease 36, invertase 46, and dehydrogenase 72 times)
in the upper layer of 1 cm, rich in roots than at the depth of 6 cm or in the deeper
layers of the dump. The number of MOs, as well as the humus content, N total, P
mobile, and K exchangeable, was also higher in the upper layer (Jain et al., 2016).
In the Nikopol manganese basin (Dnepropetrovsk region), invertase, urease, and
phosphatase activities were determined in fresh discovery materials (loessoid clay,
red clay, and gray clay) in the quarry walls as well as in the 0–20 cm layer of parcels
of discovery materials (soil, loessoid clay, red–brown clay, and gray–green clay)
spontaneously revegetated for 17 years. As a control it was used in this experiment
served the plot of an adjacent native soil (chernozem) uncultivated. In the discovery
materials in the quarry walls, the three EAs studied were very poor or absent. Each
activity was evidenced by the loessoid clay, but only the urease activity was
measurable in the clays.
In the plots of revegetated discovery materials, the EAs increased significantly,
providing the maximum values in the plot where the discovery material was soil. But
the discovery material in any parcel did not reach the level of the EAs in the native
soil: the invertase, urease, and phosphatase activities of the plots, according to the
nature of the discovery materials, represented 39.4, 34.5, and 28, 4% (soil); 23.2,
14.8, and 9.30% (loessoid clay); 34.0, 22.6, and 7.6% (red–brown clay); and 37.7,
27.3, and 5.4% (gray–green clay) from native soil activities.
4 Advanced Technologies for Ecological Reconstruction and Bioremediation of. . .
123
samples were collected for the enzymatic analysis of parcels representing five
fertilization variants: V 1 , non-fertilized (control); V 2 , fertilized with manure (40 t/
ha); V 3 , fertilized complex, organic and mineral stable (40 t/ha +N 100 P 60 K 40 ); V 4 ,
fertilized with NPK in the dose N 100 P 60 K 40 ; and V5, fertilized with NPK in the dose
N 300 P 180 K 120 . Mineral fertilizers were administered as NH 4 NO 3 , superphosphate,
and potassium salt. Each variant comprised plots that were cultivated in 1995 with
corn, oats, or sprats.
Nonenzymatic, enzymatic, and catalytic potential (current and potential dehydrogenase activities, invertase, phosphatase, urease, and nonenzymatic cleavage capacity of H 2 O), as well as the harvest of the three plants, was the highest in the soil of the
complex fertilized plots and the lowest in the soil of the unfertilized plots.
Significant correlations were found between invertase activity and corn harvest,
and between phosphatase activity and sparse production. But under the influence of
long-term fertilization, the productive capacity of the studied technogenic soil has
increased to a greater extent than its biological potential reflected by its EAs. Thus,
long-term fertilization is able to increase the productive capacity of the technical soil,
but its stimulating effect on the EAs of the soil is the result of much slower processes.
An experiment was described in which the fermented and dried sludge was used for
fertilization, coming from the middle of the 2.5 m distance between the pine trees
and the algin soil under the alder. The invertase, urease, and proteinase activities
were also highest in the technical soil under the alder. In a manganese quarry, several
EAs were determined in different layers of a 20-year-old spontaneously re-smeared
plot of land, which is currently covered by a stable phytocoenosis, Poa angustifolia
and Artemisia austriaca, and found that the activities were much higher (catalase
activity of 1.5, phosphatase 13, urease 36, invertase 46, and dehydrogenase 72 times)
in the upper layer of 1 cm, rich in roots than at the depth of 6 cm or in the deeper
layers of the dump. The number of MOs, as well as the humus content, N total, P
mobile, and K exchangeable, was also higher in the upper layer (Jain et al., 2016).
In the Nikopol manganese basin (Dnepropetrovsk region), invertase, urease, and
phosphatase activities were determined in fresh discovery materials (loessoid clay,
red clay, and gray clay) in the quarry walls as well as in the 0–20 cm layer of parcels
of discovery materials (soil, loessoid clay, red–brown clay, and gray–green clay)
spontaneously revegetated for 17 years. As a control it was used in this experiment
served the plot of an adjacent native soil (chernozem) uncultivated. In the discovery
materials in the quarry walls, the three EAs studied were very poor or absent. Each
activity was evidenced by the loessoid clay, but only the urease activity was
measurable in the clays.
In the plots of revegetated discovery materials, the EAs increased significantly,
providing the maximum values in the plot where the discovery material was soil. But
the discovery material in any parcel did not reach the level of the EAs in the native
soil: the invertase, urease, and phosphatase activities of the plots, according to the
nature of the discovery materials, represented 39.4, 34.5, and 28, 4% (soil); 23.2,
14.8, and 9.30% (loessoid clay); 34.0, 22.6, and 7.6% (red–brown clay); and 37.7,
27.3, and 5.4% (gray–green clay) from native soil activities.
4 Advanced Technologies for Ecological Reconstruction and Bioremediation of. . .
123