Keresztes S, Tatár E, Czégény Z, Záray G, Mihucz V (2013) Study on the leaching of phthalates
from polyethylene terephthalate bottles into mineral water. Sci Total Environ 458-460
(451–458). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.04.056
Lee Y, Lee J, Choe W, Kim T, Lee J, Kho Y, Choi K, Zoh K (2019) Distribution of phthalate esters
in air, water, sediments, and fish in the Asan Lake of Korea. Environ Int 126:635–643. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2019.02.059
Li J, Liao L (2016) Determination of phthalic acid esters in water using cloud point extraction-gas
chromatography. Strait Pharm J (1):45–48.(in Chinese)
Li X, Zhong M, Xu S, Sun C (2006) Determination of phthalates in water samples using
polyaniline-based solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography. J Chromatogr
A 1135(1):101–108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2006.09.051
Li J, Cai Y, Shi Y, Mou S, Jiang G (2008) Analysis of phthalates via HPLC-UV in environmental
water samples after concentration by solid-phase extraction using ionic liquid mixed
hemimicelles. Talanta 74(4):498–504. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2007.06.008
Li C, Ma X, Zhang X, Wang R, Chen Y, Li Z (2016) Magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer
nanoparticles-based solid-phase extraction coupled with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry for selective determination of trace di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in water samples. Anal
Bioanal Chem 408(27):7857–7864. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-016-9889-x
Li X, Mo J, Zhu Q, Ni C, Wang Y, Li H, Lin Z, Ge R (2019) The structure–activity relationship
(SAR) for phthalate-mediated developmental and reproductive toxicity in males. Chemosphere
223:504–513. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.02.090
Liang P, Xu J, Li Q (2008) Application of dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction and highperformance liquid chromatography for the determination of three phthalate esters in water
samples. Anal Chem Acta 609(1):53–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2007.12.025
Lirio S, Fu C, Lin J, Hsu M, Huang H (2016) Solid-phase microextraction of phthalate esters in
water sample using different activated carbon-polymer monoliths as adsorbents. Anal Chim
Acta 927:55–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2016.05.006
Liu H, Dasgupta P (1996) Analytical chemistry in a drop. Solvent extraction in a microdrop. Anal
Chem 68(11):1817–1821. https://doi.org/10.1021/ac960145h
Liu H, Den W, Chan S, Kin K (2008) Analysis of trace contamination of phthalate esters in
ultrapure water using a modified solid-phase extraction procedure and automated thermal
desorption–gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 1188(2):286–294.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2008.02.078
Liu F, Chen X, Li R (2009) Determination of phthalates in Baiyang Lake by dispersive liquid-liquid
microextraction and gas chromatography. Administr Tech Environ Monit (2):26–28
(in Chinese)
Liu F, Gao L, Shen J, Liu W, Cai L (2010) Determination of phthalate esters in Baiyangdian lake by
solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography. Chin J Chromatogr 28(5):517–520
(in Chinese). https://doi.org/10.374/SP.J.113.010.00517
Liu L, Hao Y, Ren Y, Wang C, Wu Q, Wang Z (2015a) Magnetic nanoporous carbon as an
adsorbent for the extraction of phthalate esters in environmental water and aloe juice samples. J
Sep Sci 38(8):1411–1418. https://doi.org/10.1002/jssc.201401457
Liu X, Sun Z, Chen G, Zhang W, Cai Y, Kong R, Wang X, Suo Y, You J (2015b) Determination of
phthalate esters in environmental water by magnetic Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 solidphase extraction coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A
1409:46–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2015.07.068
López-Jiménez F, Rubio S, Pérez-Bendito D (2005) Determination of phthalate esters in sewage by
hemimicelles-based solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry.
Anal Chim Acta 551(1–2)(142):–149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2005.07.032
Luks-Betlej K, Popp P, Janoszka B, Paschke H (2001) Solid-phase microextraction of phthalates
from water. J Chromatogr A 938(1):93–101. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)01363-2
15 Analytical Methods for Phthalates in Water Samples
571
from polyethylene terephthalate bottles into mineral water. Sci Total Environ 458-460
(451–458). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.04.056
Lee Y, Lee J, Choe W, Kim T, Lee J, Kho Y, Choi K, Zoh K (2019) Distribution of phthalate esters
in air, water, sediments, and fish in the Asan Lake of Korea. Environ Int 126:635–643. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2019.02.059
Li J, Liao L (2016) Determination of phthalic acid esters in water using cloud point extraction-gas
chromatography. Strait Pharm J (1):45–48.(in Chinese)
Li X, Zhong M, Xu S, Sun C (2006) Determination of phthalates in water samples using
polyaniline-based solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography. J Chromatogr
A 1135(1):101–108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2006.09.051
Li J, Cai Y, Shi Y, Mou S, Jiang G (2008) Analysis of phthalates via HPLC-UV in environmental
water samples after concentration by solid-phase extraction using ionic liquid mixed
hemimicelles. Talanta 74(4):498–504. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2007.06.008
Li C, Ma X, Zhang X, Wang R, Chen Y, Li Z (2016) Magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer
nanoparticles-based solid-phase extraction coupled with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry for selective determination of trace di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in water samples. Anal
Bioanal Chem 408(27):7857–7864. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-016-9889-x
Li X, Mo J, Zhu Q, Ni C, Wang Y, Li H, Lin Z, Ge R (2019) The structure–activity relationship
(SAR) for phthalate-mediated developmental and reproductive toxicity in males. Chemosphere
223:504–513. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.02.090
Liang P, Xu J, Li Q (2008) Application of dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction and highperformance liquid chromatography for the determination of three phthalate esters in water
samples. Anal Chem Acta 609(1):53–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2007.12.025
Lirio S, Fu C, Lin J, Hsu M, Huang H (2016) Solid-phase microextraction of phthalate esters in
water sample using different activated carbon-polymer monoliths as adsorbents. Anal Chim
Acta 927:55–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2016.05.006
Liu H, Dasgupta P (1996) Analytical chemistry in a drop. Solvent extraction in a microdrop. Anal
Chem 68(11):1817–1821. https://doi.org/10.1021/ac960145h
Liu H, Den W, Chan S, Kin K (2008) Analysis of trace contamination of phthalate esters in
ultrapure water using a modified solid-phase extraction procedure and automated thermal
desorption–gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 1188(2):286–294.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2008.02.078
Liu F, Chen X, Li R (2009) Determination of phthalates in Baiyang Lake by dispersive liquid-liquid
microextraction and gas chromatography. Administr Tech Environ Monit (2):26–28
(in Chinese)
Liu F, Gao L, Shen J, Liu W, Cai L (2010) Determination of phthalate esters in Baiyangdian lake by
solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography. Chin J Chromatogr 28(5):517–520
(in Chinese). https://doi.org/10.374/SP.J.113.010.00517
Liu L, Hao Y, Ren Y, Wang C, Wu Q, Wang Z (2015a) Magnetic nanoporous carbon as an
adsorbent for the extraction of phthalate esters in environmental water and aloe juice samples. J
Sep Sci 38(8):1411–1418. https://doi.org/10.1002/jssc.201401457
Liu X, Sun Z, Chen G, Zhang W, Cai Y, Kong R, Wang X, Suo Y, You J (2015b) Determination of
phthalate esters in environmental water by magnetic Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 solidphase extraction coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A
1409:46–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2015.07.068
López-Jiménez F, Rubio S, Pérez-Bendito D (2005) Determination of phthalate esters in sewage by
hemimicelles-based solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry.
Anal Chim Acta 551(1–2)(142):–149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2005.07.032
Luks-Betlej K, Popp P, Janoszka B, Paschke H (2001) Solid-phase microextraction of phthalates
from water. J Chromatogr A 938(1):93–101. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)01363-2
15 Analytical Methods for Phthalates in Water Samples
571