Table 9.9
Concentration of compounds from Nottingham sewage treatment work effluents
Compound
Biweekly sampling periods of Nottingham effluents (ng L
À1
)
Mean
Æ STD
LOD
(ng/L)
Major ions for substance
identification (m/z)
1ST
SMP
2ND
SMP
3RD
SMP
4TH
SMP
5TH
SMP
6TH
SMP
7TH
SMP
8TH
SMP
Molecular
ions
Precursor
ions
Product
ions
6Acetylmorphine
1.4
2.1
3.6
8.2
3.9
1.0
1.2
–
3.3
Æ 2.5
0.8
341
282
229
Amphetamine
3.9
4.6
4.8
6.6
2.5
3.0
3.5
5.6
4.3
Æ 1.4
0.3
206
116
73
Benzoylecgonine 4.9
4.9
4.7
3.5
2.4
11.0
4.1
–
5.1
Æ 2.8
1.4
290
168
150
Caffeine
7.7
4.9
6.5
3.9
4.1
5.0
3.4
2.2
4.7
Æ 1.7
0.5
194
109
67
Cocaine
1.7
1.4
1.1
1.4
1.4
–
–
–
1.4
Æ 1.3
0.7
303
182
82
Codeine
10.1
11.0
10.8
14.2
11.3
13.0
10.9
27.2
13.6
Æ 5.7
0.4
299
178
73
Diacetylmorphine
–
–
3.4
2.6
1.1
–
–
1.4
2.1
Æ 1.1
0.8
369
310
268
Diazepam
3.5
8.9
1.2
4.2
5.3
4.7
1.4
2.6
4.0
Æ 2.5
1.2
285
256
221
Ecgonine ME
0.6
–
1.7
1.4
0.8
0.8
–
0.3
0.9
Æ 1.3
0.3
199
99
82
Ephedrine
3.7
13.8
14.2
8.0
6.9
9.1
10.0
7.3
9.1
Æ 3.5
0.1
230
179
58
Ibuprofen
14.3
13.4
8.0
16.7
15.2
13.5
17.3
23.3
15.2
Æ 4.3
0.8
278
160
73
Lidocaine
15.7
5.8
1.4
2.4
2.0
5.2
2.3
3.2
4.7
Æ 1.7
1.4
234
86
58
Methadone
3.8
3.2
4.1
2.3
4.1
1.3
–
–
3.1
Æ 1.2
1.2
283
197
180
Nicotine
20.4
16.8
17.0
11.4
14.5
30.2
20.4
23.0
19.2
Æ 5.8
1.5
162
133
84
Procaine
15.2
6.5
8.4
7.1
7.4
4.7
8.3
8.3
8.2
Æ 3.1
1.1
235
99
88
Note: SMP
¼ sampling period; n
¼ triplicate determinations; STD
¼ standard deviation; STW
¼ sewage treatment work; - (
Ecgonine ME
¼ ecgonine methyl ester; m/z
¼ mass/ions ratio
9 Fate of Pharmaceutical Drugs and Metabolites in the Environment
295
Concentration of compounds from Nottingham sewage treatment work effluents
Compound
Biweekly sampling periods of Nottingham effluents (ng L
À1
)
Mean
Æ STD
LOD
(ng/L)
Major ions for substance
identification (m/z)
1ST
SMP
2ND
SMP
3RD
SMP
4TH
SMP
5TH
SMP
6TH
SMP
7TH
SMP
8TH
SMP
Molecular
ions
Precursor
ions
Product
ions
6Acetylmorphine
1.4
2.1
3.6
8.2
3.9
1.0
1.2
–
3.3
Æ 2.5
0.8
341
282
229
Amphetamine
3.9
4.6
4.8
6.6
2.5
3.0
3.5
5.6
4.3
Æ 1.4
0.3
206
116
73
Benzoylecgonine 4.9
4.9
4.7
3.5
2.4
11.0
4.1
–
5.1
Æ 2.8
1.4
290
168
150
Caffeine
7.7
4.9
6.5
3.9
4.1
5.0
3.4
2.2
4.7
Æ 1.7
0.5
194
109
67
Cocaine
1.7
1.4
1.1
1.4
1.4
–
–
–
1.4
Æ 1.3
0.7
303
182
82
Codeine
10.1
11.0
10.8
14.2
11.3
13.0
10.9
27.2
13.6
Æ 5.7
0.4
299
178
73
Diacetylmorphine
–
–
3.4
2.6
1.1
–
–
1.4
2.1
Æ 1.1
0.8
369
310
268
Diazepam
3.5
8.9
1.2
4.2
5.3
4.7
1.4
2.6
4.0
Æ 2.5
1.2
285
256
221
Ecgonine ME
0.6
–
1.7
1.4
0.8
0.8
–
0.3
0.9
Æ 1.3
0.3
199
99
82
Ephedrine
3.7
13.8
14.2
8.0
6.9
9.1
10.0
7.3
9.1
Æ 3.5
0.1
230
179
58
Ibuprofen
14.3
13.4
8.0
16.7
15.2
13.5
17.3
23.3
15.2
Æ 4.3
0.8
278
160
73
Lidocaine
15.7
5.8
1.4
2.4
2.0
5.2
2.3
3.2
4.7
Æ 1.7
1.4
234
86
58
Methadone
3.8
3.2
4.1
2.3
4.1
1.3
–
–
3.1
Æ 1.2
1.2
283
197
180
Nicotine
20.4
16.8
17.0
11.4
14.5
30.2
20.4
23.0
19.2
Æ 5.8
1.5
162
133
84
Procaine
15.2
6.5
8.4
7.1
7.4
4.7
8.3
8.3
8.2
Æ 3.1
1.1
235
99
88
Note: SMP
¼ sampling period; n
¼ triplicate determinations; STD
¼ standard deviation; STW
¼ sewage treatment work; - (
Ecgonine ME
¼ ecgonine methyl ester; m/z
¼ mass/ions ratio
9 Fate of Pharmaceutical Drugs and Metabolites in the Environment
295