Table 9.4 Pharmaceuticals in effluents, rivers and streams
Analyte
STWs (ng L
À1
)
Rivers/streams (ng L
À1
)
LOQ Number STWs Maximum LOQ
Maximum
Lipid regulator
Bezafibrate
250
49
4600
25
3100
Gemfibrozil
50
49
1500
10
510
Clofibric acid
50
49
1600
10
550
Fenofibric acid
50
49
1200
10
280
Antiphlogistics
Acetylsalicylic acid
100
49
1500
20
340
Diclofenac
50
49
2100
10
1200
Ibuprofen
50
49
3400
10
530
Indomethacin
50
49
600
10
200
Ketoprofen
50
49
380
10
120
Naproxen
50
10
520
10
390
Phenazon
100
30
410
20
950
Salicylic acid
50
36
140
10
4100
Beta-blocker
Betaxolol
25
29
190
10
30
Bisoprolol
25
29
370
10
2900
Metoprolol
25
29
2200
10
2200
Propranolol
25
29
290
10
590
β 2 -Sympathomimetics
Salbutamol
50
29
170
10
35
Terbutaline
50
29
120
10
Psychiatric drug
Diazepam
30
20
40
30
Anti-epileptic
Carbamazepine
50
30
6300
30
1100
Antibiotics
Clarithromycin
20
8
260
20
260
Roxithromycin
20
10
1000
20
560
Chloramphenicol
20
10
560
20
60
Sulphamethoxazole
20
10
2000
20
480
Trimethoprim
20
10
660
20
200
Dehydrato-erythromycin
20
10
6000
20
1700
X-ray contrast media
Diatrizoate
10
25
8700
10
ca.100
Iomeprol
10
12
3800
10
890
Iopamidol
10
25
15,000
10
2800
Iopromide
10
24
11,000
10
910
Oestrogens
Oestrone
1
38
70
0.5
1.6
17β-oestradiol
1
38
3
0.5
17β-oestradiol-17-valerate
4
38
2
17α-Ethinyloestradiol
1
38
15
0.5
16α-Hydroxyestrone
1
15
5
0.5
Note: LOQ ¼ limit of quantification