Tay J-H, S-F Y, Y L (2002) Hydraulic selection pressure-induced nitrifying granulation in
sequencing batch reactors. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 59(2–3):332–337. https://doi.org/10.
1007/s00253-002-0996-6
Tay J-H, Liu Q-S, Liu Y (2002a) Aerobic granulation in sequential sludge blanket reactor. Water
Sci Technol 46(4–5):13–18. https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2002.0540
Tay J, Liu Q, Liu Y (2002b) Characteristics of aerobic granules grown on glucose and acetate in
sequential aerobic sludge blanket reactors. Environ Technol 23(8):931–936. https://doi.org/10.
1080/09593332308618363
Tay J-H, Jiang H-L, Tay ST-L (2004) High-rate biodegradation of phenol by aerobically grown
microbial granules. J Environ Eng 130(12):1415–1423. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)07339372(2004)130:12(1415
Toh S, Tay J, Moy B, Ivanov V, Tay S (2003) Size-effect on the physical characteristics of the
aerobic granule in a SBR. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 60(6):687–695. https://doi.org/10.1007/
s00253-002-1145-y
Tomar SK, Chakraborty S (2018a) Characteristics of aerobic granules treating phenol and ammonium at different cycle time and up flow liquid velocity. Int Biodeterior Biodegradation
127:113–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2017.11.024
Tomar SK, Chakraborty S (2018b) Effect of air flow rate on development of aerobic granules,
biomass activity and nitrification efficiency for treating phenol, thiocyanate and ammonium. J
Environ Manag 219:178–188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.04.111
Tsuneda S, Nagano T, Hoshino T, Ejiri Y, Noda N, Hirata A (2003) Characterization of nitrifying
granules produced in an aerobic upflow fluidized bed reactor. Water Res 37(20):4965–4973.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2003.08.017
Val del Río A, Figueroa M, Mosquera-Corral A, Campos J, Méndez R (2013) Stability of aerobic
granular biomass treating the effluent from a seafood industry. Int J Environ Res 7(2):265–276.
https://doi.org/10.22059/IJER.2013.606
Vashi H, Iorhemen O, Tay J (2019) Extensive studies on the treatment of pulp mill wastewater
using aerobic granular sludge (AGS) technology. Chem Eng J 359:1175–1194. https://doi.org/
10.1016/j.cej.2018.11.060
Verawaty M, Pijuan M, Yuan Z, Bond P (2012) Determining the mechanisms for aerobic granulation from mixed seed of floccular and crushed granules in activated sludge wastewater
treatment. Water Res 46(3):761–771. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2011.11.054
Wang Z-W, Liu Y, Tay J-H (2005) Distribution of EPS and cell surface hydrophobicity in aerobic
granules. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 69(4):469. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-005-1991-5
Wang Z-W, Li Y, Zhou J-Q, Liu Y (2006a) The influence of short-term starvation on aerobic
granules. Process Biochem 41(12):2373–2378. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procbio.2006.06.009
Wang Z-W, Liu Y, Tay J-H (2006b) The role of SBR mixed liquor volume exchange ratio in
aerobic granulation. Chemosphere 62(5):767–771. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.
04.081
Wang L, Liu X, X-f C, Lee D-J, Tay J-H, Zhang Y, C-l W (2015) Biosorption of Sr (II) from
aqueous solutions using aerobic granules: equilibrium and mechanisms. J Radioanal Nucl Chem
306(1):193–202. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-015-4084-7
Winkler M-KH, Meunier C, Henriet O, Mahillon J, Suárez-Ojeda ME, Del Moro G, De Sanctis M,
Di Iaconi C, Weissbrodt DG (2018) An integrative review of granular sludge for the biological
removal of nutrients and recalcitrant organic matter from wastewater. Chem Eng J 336:489–502.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2017.12.026
Yang S, Li X, Yu H (2008) Formation and characterisation of fungal and bacterial granules under
different feeding alkalinity and pH conditions. Process Biochem 43(1):8–14. https://doi.org/10.
1016/j.procbio.2007.10.008
Zhang H, He Y, Jiang T, Yang F (2011) Research on characteristics of aerobic granules treating
petrochemical wastewater by acclimation and co-metabolism methods. Desalination 279
(1–3):69–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2011.05.060
Zhang Q, Hu J, Lee D-J (2016) Aerobic granular processes: current research trends. Bioresour
Technol 210:74–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2016.01.098
6 Aerobic Granulation in Hydrocarbon-Rich Wastewater Treatment
193
sequencing batch reactors. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 59(2–3):332–337. https://doi.org/10.
1007/s00253-002-0996-6
Tay J-H, Liu Q-S, Liu Y (2002a) Aerobic granulation in sequential sludge blanket reactor. Water
Sci Technol 46(4–5):13–18. https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2002.0540
Tay J, Liu Q, Liu Y (2002b) Characteristics of aerobic granules grown on glucose and acetate in
sequential aerobic sludge blanket reactors. Environ Technol 23(8):931–936. https://doi.org/10.
1080/09593332308618363
Tay J-H, Jiang H-L, Tay ST-L (2004) High-rate biodegradation of phenol by aerobically grown
microbial granules. J Environ Eng 130(12):1415–1423. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)07339372(2004)130:12(1415
Toh S, Tay J, Moy B, Ivanov V, Tay S (2003) Size-effect on the physical characteristics of the
aerobic granule in a SBR. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 60(6):687–695. https://doi.org/10.1007/
s00253-002-1145-y
Tomar SK, Chakraborty S (2018a) Characteristics of aerobic granules treating phenol and ammonium at different cycle time and up flow liquid velocity. Int Biodeterior Biodegradation
127:113–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2017.11.024
Tomar SK, Chakraborty S (2018b) Effect of air flow rate on development of aerobic granules,
biomass activity and nitrification efficiency for treating phenol, thiocyanate and ammonium. J
Environ Manag 219:178–188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.04.111
Tsuneda S, Nagano T, Hoshino T, Ejiri Y, Noda N, Hirata A (2003) Characterization of nitrifying
granules produced in an aerobic upflow fluidized bed reactor. Water Res 37(20):4965–4973.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2003.08.017
Val del Río A, Figueroa M, Mosquera-Corral A, Campos J, Méndez R (2013) Stability of aerobic
granular biomass treating the effluent from a seafood industry. Int J Environ Res 7(2):265–276.
https://doi.org/10.22059/IJER.2013.606
Vashi H, Iorhemen O, Tay J (2019) Extensive studies on the treatment of pulp mill wastewater
using aerobic granular sludge (AGS) technology. Chem Eng J 359:1175–1194. https://doi.org/
10.1016/j.cej.2018.11.060
Verawaty M, Pijuan M, Yuan Z, Bond P (2012) Determining the mechanisms for aerobic granulation from mixed seed of floccular and crushed granules in activated sludge wastewater
treatment. Water Res 46(3):761–771. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2011.11.054
Wang Z-W, Liu Y, Tay J-H (2005) Distribution of EPS and cell surface hydrophobicity in aerobic
granules. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 69(4):469. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-005-1991-5
Wang Z-W, Li Y, Zhou J-Q, Liu Y (2006a) The influence of short-term starvation on aerobic
granules. Process Biochem 41(12):2373–2378. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procbio.2006.06.009
Wang Z-W, Liu Y, Tay J-H (2006b) The role of SBR mixed liquor volume exchange ratio in
aerobic granulation. Chemosphere 62(5):767–771. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.
04.081
Wang L, Liu X, X-f C, Lee D-J, Tay J-H, Zhang Y, C-l W (2015) Biosorption of Sr (II) from
aqueous solutions using aerobic granules: equilibrium and mechanisms. J Radioanal Nucl Chem
306(1):193–202. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-015-4084-7
Winkler M-KH, Meunier C, Henriet O, Mahillon J, Suárez-Ojeda ME, Del Moro G, De Sanctis M,
Di Iaconi C, Weissbrodt DG (2018) An integrative review of granular sludge for the biological
removal of nutrients and recalcitrant organic matter from wastewater. Chem Eng J 336:489–502.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2017.12.026
Yang S, Li X, Yu H (2008) Formation and characterisation of fungal and bacterial granules under
different feeding alkalinity and pH conditions. Process Biochem 43(1):8–14. https://doi.org/10.
1016/j.procbio.2007.10.008
Zhang H, He Y, Jiang T, Yang F (2011) Research on characteristics of aerobic granules treating
petrochemical wastewater by acclimation and co-metabolism methods. Desalination 279
(1–3):69–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2011.05.060
Zhang Q, Hu J, Lee D-J (2016) Aerobic granular processes: current research trends. Bioresour
Technol 210:74–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2016.01.098
6 Aerobic Granulation in Hydrocarbon-Rich Wastewater Treatment
193