Table 3.2 (continued)
Class and antibiotics
Concentration
Environmental compartments Reference
Sulfonamides
(Sulfadiazine)
10 and 100 μg g
À1
Soil amended with pig
manure
Schauss et al.
(2009)
Sulfonamides
(Sulfadiazine)
1–50 mg kg
À1
Soil amended with glucose
Underwood
et al. (2011)
Sulfonamides
(Sulfamethoxazole)
0.005–50 μM
Enrichment culture with
groundwater from pristine
zone of a sandy drinkingwater aquifer (anaerobic and
heterotrophic media)
Hund-Rinke
et al. (2004)
Sulfonamides
(Sulfamethoxazole)
240–520 μg L
À1
Microbial communities from
an oligotrophic aquifer
Haack et al.
(2012)
mixture of Sulfamethoxazole Erythromycin and
Ciprofloxacin
0.33–3.33 μg L
À1
Pristine aquifer microbial
community
Schauss et al.
(2009)
Sulfonamides
(Sulfadiazine)
10 and
100 mg g
À1
Bulk soil
Underwood
et al. (2011)
A mixture of 16 antibiotics (Sulfonamides,
Quinolones, Macrolides,
Tetracycline)
0–1500 ng L
À1
Biofilms exposed to river
waters from downstream sites
Proia et al.
(2013)
Sulfonamides
(Sulfamethoxazole)
20–500 mg kg
À1
Soil amended with manure
from alfalfa or antibiotictreated pig
Binh et al.
(2007)
Sulfonamides
(Sulfapyridine)
100–
1000 mg kg
À1
Topsoil
Sengelov
et al. (2003)
and Schmitt
et al. (2005)
Tetracyclines
(Tetracycline)
5–500 mg kg
À1
Soil treated with pig manure
Brandt et al.
(2009)
Tetracyclines
(Oxytetracycline)
100–
1000 mg kg
À1
Pristine topsoil amended with
milled maize straw or glucose
Reddersen
et al. (2002)
Macrolides (Natamycin)
50–200 mg L
À1
Bulk soil and rhizosphere soil
suspensions on agar medium
Naslund et al.
(2008)
Sulfonamides
(Sulfamethoxazole)
20–500 mg kg
À1
Soil amended or nonamended with manure from
alfalfa or antibiotic-treated
pig
Binh et al.
(2007)
Sulfonamides
(Sulfachloropyridazine)
100 mg kg
À1
Soil amended with fresh pig
slurry or with alfalfa manure
Demoling and
Baath (2008)
Sulfonamides
(Sulfadiazine)
1–100 mg kg
À1
Soil
Demoling and
Baath (2008)
Tetracyclines (Tylosin)
50–
1500 mg kgÀ
1
Soil with or without alfalfa
Demoling and
Baath (2008)
Sulfonamides
(Sulfadiazine)
10–100 mg kg
À1
Soil amended with Manure
Heuer et al.
(2008)
(continued)
3 Existence of Antibiotics in Wastewater as a Pollution Indicator
55
Class and antibiotics
Concentration
Environmental compartments Reference
Sulfonamides
(Sulfadiazine)
10 and 100 μg g
À1
Soil amended with pig
manure
Schauss et al.
(2009)
Sulfonamides
(Sulfadiazine)
1–50 mg kg
À1
Soil amended with glucose
Underwood
et al. (2011)
Sulfonamides
(Sulfamethoxazole)
0.005–50 μM
Enrichment culture with
groundwater from pristine
zone of a sandy drinkingwater aquifer (anaerobic and
heterotrophic media)
Hund-Rinke
et al. (2004)
Sulfonamides
(Sulfamethoxazole)
240–520 μg L
À1
Microbial communities from
an oligotrophic aquifer
Haack et al.
(2012)
mixture of Sulfamethoxazole Erythromycin and
Ciprofloxacin
0.33–3.33 μg L
À1
Pristine aquifer microbial
community
Schauss et al.
(2009)
Sulfonamides
(Sulfadiazine)
10 and
100 mg g
À1
Bulk soil
Underwood
et al. (2011)
A mixture of 16 antibiotics (Sulfonamides,
Quinolones, Macrolides,
Tetracycline)
0–1500 ng L
À1
Biofilms exposed to river
waters from downstream sites
Proia et al.
(2013)
Sulfonamides
(Sulfamethoxazole)
20–500 mg kg
À1
Soil amended with manure
from alfalfa or antibiotictreated pig
Binh et al.
(2007)
Sulfonamides
(Sulfapyridine)
100–
1000 mg kg
À1
Topsoil
Sengelov
et al. (2003)
and Schmitt
et al. (2005)
Tetracyclines
(Tetracycline)
5–500 mg kg
À1
Soil treated with pig manure
Brandt et al.
(2009)
Tetracyclines
(Oxytetracycline)
100–
1000 mg kg
À1
Pristine topsoil amended with
milled maize straw or glucose
Reddersen
et al. (2002)
Macrolides (Natamycin)
50–200 mg L
À1
Bulk soil and rhizosphere soil
suspensions on agar medium
Naslund et al.
(2008)
Sulfonamides
(Sulfamethoxazole)
20–500 mg kg
À1
Soil amended or nonamended with manure from
alfalfa or antibiotic-treated
pig
Binh et al.
(2007)
Sulfonamides
(Sulfachloropyridazine)
100 mg kg
À1
Soil amended with fresh pig
slurry or with alfalfa manure
Demoling and
Baath (2008)
Sulfonamides
(Sulfadiazine)
1–100 mg kg
À1
Soil
Demoling and
Baath (2008)
Tetracyclines (Tylosin)
50–
1500 mg kgÀ
1
Soil with or without alfalfa
Demoling and
Baath (2008)
Sulfonamides
(Sulfadiazine)
10–100 mg kg
À1
Soil amended with Manure
Heuer et al.
(2008)
(continued)
3 Existence of Antibiotics in Wastewater as a Pollution Indicator
55