fuels. Also, the waste from the household can be converted to carbon-free solid
waste and is ready to be used directly in existing power plants that consequently
reduced the usage of conventional coal by 18% annually. The authors also claimed
that 289.3 gigagram (Gg) of alternative fuel can be saved annually from
1051.7 Æ 270.7 Gg solid wastes collected from urban areas of Zimbabwe alone.
While the key issues associated with solid waste management pertaining to
Turkey is invoked by Yılmaz et al. (2019) in their study, solid waste treatment in a
country with a huge population seems to be a challenging issue with the prospect of
economic growth and environmental and technological aspects. Improper solid
waste management leads not only to shut down of plants and capital inflow but
also becomes a severe threat due to uncontrolled gas emissions. A theoretical model
was proposed in this study based on the energy recovery method adopted in Turkey.
The theoretical model highlights the subsequent carbon mitigation as well as the
financial strategies to follow European standards. The model presented in this article
projected the electricity generation with the amount of solid waste generated from
each city of Turkey for the next four decades through statistical analysis. The
estimated electricity generation will be assumed up to 437–2236 TWh (terawatt
hour) with the solid waste generated from 2023 to 2043 years. Besides, it was also
about 35.2–66.7 billion dollars that can be saved with this proposed model of waste
management.
Waste management in island developing states becomes the most significant
challenge because of high investment, narrow resources, etc.; also, the framework
considered in island developing states fails to cater to the needs of sustainable waste
management. One such study on waste management in island developing states was
carried out by Fuldauer et al. (2019). This study was in regard to the model
developed to manage waste upon the guidelines of the United Nations on island
developing states. The strategy to reuse the product, the importance of waste, and
effective utilization of population within islands based on socioeconomic systems
have been reported.
Toxic elements generated from solid waste necessitate the use of waste management around the globe. The impact of these toxic elements on humans and the
environment is hazardous; special care needs to be taken during disposal, especially.
Therefore, the study by Xiong et al. (2019) highlights an overview of efficient and
effective methods to immobilize toxic elements by taking into consideration vital
patterns of geographical distribution. The authors suggested that the use of the userfriendly practice to recover metals and rare elements from solid waste will benefit
sustainability compared to conventional extraction of ore.
Hypothesis H1: Current waste management scenario across different countries is
positively related to firm performance.
12 An Overview of Sustainability of Textile Wastewater Management in Textile. . .
285
waste and is ready to be used directly in existing power plants that consequently
reduced the usage of conventional coal by 18% annually. The authors also claimed
that 289.3 gigagram (Gg) of alternative fuel can be saved annually from
1051.7 Æ 270.7 Gg solid wastes collected from urban areas of Zimbabwe alone.
While the key issues associated with solid waste management pertaining to
Turkey is invoked by Yılmaz et al. (2019) in their study, solid waste treatment in a
country with a huge population seems to be a challenging issue with the prospect of
economic growth and environmental and technological aspects. Improper solid
waste management leads not only to shut down of plants and capital inflow but
also becomes a severe threat due to uncontrolled gas emissions. A theoretical model
was proposed in this study based on the energy recovery method adopted in Turkey.
The theoretical model highlights the subsequent carbon mitigation as well as the
financial strategies to follow European standards. The model presented in this article
projected the electricity generation with the amount of solid waste generated from
each city of Turkey for the next four decades through statistical analysis. The
estimated electricity generation will be assumed up to 437–2236 TWh (terawatt
hour) with the solid waste generated from 2023 to 2043 years. Besides, it was also
about 35.2–66.7 billion dollars that can be saved with this proposed model of waste
management.
Waste management in island developing states becomes the most significant
challenge because of high investment, narrow resources, etc.; also, the framework
considered in island developing states fails to cater to the needs of sustainable waste
management. One such study on waste management in island developing states was
carried out by Fuldauer et al. (2019). This study was in regard to the model
developed to manage waste upon the guidelines of the United Nations on island
developing states. The strategy to reuse the product, the importance of waste, and
effective utilization of population within islands based on socioeconomic systems
have been reported.
Toxic elements generated from solid waste necessitate the use of waste management around the globe. The impact of these toxic elements on humans and the
environment is hazardous; special care needs to be taken during disposal, especially.
Therefore, the study by Xiong et al. (2019) highlights an overview of efficient and
effective methods to immobilize toxic elements by taking into consideration vital
patterns of geographical distribution. The authors suggested that the use of the userfriendly practice to recover metals and rare elements from solid waste will benefit
sustainability compared to conventional extraction of ore.
Hypothesis H1: Current waste management scenario across different countries is
positively related to firm performance.
12 An Overview of Sustainability of Textile Wastewater Management in Textile. . .
285