– Lipids: 1006 L CH4 /kg VS (based on the following empirical formula: C 51 H 98 O 6 of
tripalmitin) (Batstone et al. 2002; Kleerebezem and van Loosdrecht 2006).
Predictive biogas models have been developed also by (Raposo et al. 2020).
An interesting overview on feedstock analysis and biogas potential yield measurement is presented in (Weinrich et al. 2018).
10.2.2 Sampling
Sampling of biogas feedstock can be performed according to the standards VDI 4630
(2016) and ISO 5667-13 (2011) and the document developed by Petersen (2005). In
order to obtain correct results, according to VDI 4630 (2016), the sampling procedure has to be based on the principles reported in Table 10.2.
Experimental errors must be avoided. They generally take place during the
sample collection, the sample preparation and treatment, and the analysis. If the
material is homogeneous, one sample is enough. If the material shows a phase
separation, one sample from each phase should be taken. For the solid materials,
the procedure shown in Table 10.3 can be performed.
Table 10.2 Principles behind a correct sampling procedure
Step
number
Action
1
Identify the objective of the investigation
2
Identify the source of the material
3
Characterize the projected sample
4
Analyze the sampling parameters
5
Analyze the deviation of sample characteristics, due to the influence of the time of
sampling and of the location
6
Consider the requirements for protection and security for the personal taking the
sample
Table 10.3 Sampling procedure for solid sample
Step number
Action
1
Take a large sample from the bulk material
2
Spread it on a surface and then mix it
3
Implement a cross in the middle of the sample
4
Remove two opposite quarters
5
Spread the other two quarters
6
Mix again
7
Then divide the sample with a cross
8
Remove two quarters
9
Repeat again till the quantity which is required for the analysis is remained
10 Substrate Characterization in the Anaerobic Digestion Process
311
tripalmitin) (Batstone et al. 2002; Kleerebezem and van Loosdrecht 2006).
Predictive biogas models have been developed also by (Raposo et al. 2020).
An interesting overview on feedstock analysis and biogas potential yield measurement is presented in (Weinrich et al. 2018).
10.2.2 Sampling
Sampling of biogas feedstock can be performed according to the standards VDI 4630
(2016) and ISO 5667-13 (2011) and the document developed by Petersen (2005). In
order to obtain correct results, according to VDI 4630 (2016), the sampling procedure has to be based on the principles reported in Table 10.2.
Experimental errors must be avoided. They generally take place during the
sample collection, the sample preparation and treatment, and the analysis. If the
material is homogeneous, one sample is enough. If the material shows a phase
separation, one sample from each phase should be taken. For the solid materials,
the procedure shown in Table 10.3 can be performed.
Table 10.2 Principles behind a correct sampling procedure
Step
number
Action
1
Identify the objective of the investigation
2
Identify the source of the material
3
Characterize the projected sample
4
Analyze the sampling parameters
5
Analyze the deviation of sample characteristics, due to the influence of the time of
sampling and of the location
6
Consider the requirements for protection and security for the personal taking the
sample
Table 10.3 Sampling procedure for solid sample
Step number
Action
1
Take a large sample from the bulk material
2
Spread it on a surface and then mix it
3
Implement a cross in the middle of the sample
4
Remove two opposite quarters
5
Spread the other two quarters
6
Mix again
7
Then divide the sample with a cross
8
Remove two quarters
9
Repeat again till the quantity which is required for the analysis is remained
10 Substrate Characterization in the Anaerobic Digestion Process
311