configuration for feed can also be applied to the HIDiC, if necessary. If the I
rectifying column hot overhead vapor outlet is reused as a possible hot use for
preheating feed, the distillation system is called the I amplified (int-i-HIDiC).
Membrane-Based Downstream Separation
Membranes, like membrane reactor, membrane distillation unit, membrane
contactors, membrane adsorption, and membrane crystallizer units, are used as
Table 1.3 A description of the energy-saving approaches recently suggested to bioethanol
distillation
Technique
Key findings
Reference
Heat-integrated
distillation
Distillation is one of the most energyintensive stages in the process of ethanol, the
studies have suggested various energysaving techniques, including heatintegrated, membrane-based.
Energy requirements were identical for
operations with four separation processes
and three distillation columns (between 7.7
and 11.7 MJ fuel/kg)—acetone, butanol, and
ethanol (ABE). The most economical process was the double-effect system (DED)
with four columns (0.12–0.16 $/kg-ABE)
Ponce et al. (2015), (Diaz
and Tost 2018)
Membrane-based
technologies
Fermentative biofuel (bioethanol) production in a multi-staged membrane integrated
bioreactor system commencing sugarcane
juice (SCJ) via Saccharomyces cerevisiae
(NCIM 3205).
The retained fructose is also converted to
ethanol at 18.0 g L
À1
, with an output of
about 72%.
Hybrid system for the development and
purification of bioethanol was developed
and operated under various operating conditions. Diluted ethanol (3 wt. %) Was produced by fermentation in the first stage and
concentrated by poly(dimethylsiloxane)
membrane to 80 wt. % ethanol–water
mixture
Pal et al. (2018), Song et al.
(2017), Nigiz and Hilmioglu
(2016)
Feed-splitting
ohmic-assisted
distillation
Reduction of 27.5% of the energy demand
heterogeneous azeotropic distillation of
ethanol–water process
Two solutions of second-generation
bioethanol, with ethanol concentration
90 and 50 wt. %. The results were compared
with pure ethanol after diverse separation
practices (distillation and flash, correspondingly) 99.9 vol %
Tavan and Shahhosseini
(2016), Ramis et al. (2017)
1 Downstream Processing of Biofuels
11
rectifying column hot overhead vapor outlet is reused as a possible hot use for
preheating feed, the distillation system is called the I amplified (int-i-HIDiC).
Membrane-Based Downstream Separation
Membranes, like membrane reactor, membrane distillation unit, membrane
contactors, membrane adsorption, and membrane crystallizer units, are used as
Table 1.3 A description of the energy-saving approaches recently suggested to bioethanol
distillation
Technique
Key findings
Reference
Heat-integrated
distillation
Distillation is one of the most energyintensive stages in the process of ethanol, the
studies have suggested various energysaving techniques, including heatintegrated, membrane-based.
Energy requirements were identical for
operations with four separation processes
and three distillation columns (between 7.7
and 11.7 MJ fuel/kg)—acetone, butanol, and
ethanol (ABE). The most economical process was the double-effect system (DED)
with four columns (0.12–0.16 $/kg-ABE)
Ponce et al. (2015), (Diaz
and Tost 2018)
Membrane-based
technologies
Fermentative biofuel (bioethanol) production in a multi-staged membrane integrated
bioreactor system commencing sugarcane
juice (SCJ) via Saccharomyces cerevisiae
(NCIM 3205).
The retained fructose is also converted to
ethanol at 18.0 g L
À1
, with an output of
about 72%.
Hybrid system for the development and
purification of bioethanol was developed
and operated under various operating conditions. Diluted ethanol (3 wt. %) Was produced by fermentation in the first stage and
concentrated by poly(dimethylsiloxane)
membrane to 80 wt. % ethanol–water
mixture
Pal et al. (2018), Song et al.
(2017), Nigiz and Hilmioglu
(2016)
Feed-splitting
ohmic-assisted
distillation
Reduction of 27.5% of the energy demand
heterogeneous azeotropic distillation of
ethanol–water process
Two solutions of second-generation
bioethanol, with ethanol concentration
90 and 50 wt. %. The results were compared
with pure ethanol after diverse separation
practices (distillation and flash, correspondingly) 99.9 vol %
Tavan and Shahhosseini
(2016), Ramis et al. (2017)
1 Downstream Processing of Biofuels
11