followed by carbon dioxide fixation and production of hydrogen gas by means of
hydrogenase enzyme.
12H 2 O + 6CO 2 + lightenergy ! C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 C 6 H 12 O 6 + 12H 2 O + lightenergy
! 12H 2 + 6CO 2 .
Blue-green algae have significant advantages as hydrogen generation and oxygen
evolution are separated (Das and Veziroglu 2008). In dark fermentation, hydrogen
production takes place by fermentative microorganisms in a dark environment.
Purple nonsulfur bacteria (PNS) produce hydrogen by photofermentation (Das and
Veziroglu 2008; Merugu et al. 2010; Kadari et al. 2018).
CH 3 COOH + 2H 2 O + light ! 4H 2 + 2CO 2 .
The reactions of hydrogen production from water are given below (Das and
Veziroglu 2008). In indirect biophotolysis, the inactivation of [FeFe]-hydrogenases
by oxygen is eliminated by separating oxygen and while hydrogen is evolved
(Manish and Banerjee 2008). In the first stage, microalgae are allowed to fix carbon
dioxide into carbohydrate, while in the second stage, called as anaerobic dark
fermentation, carbohydrate is converted by nitrogenase enzyme to produce hydrogen
(Pilon et al. 2011).
6H 2 O + 6CO2 C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 .
C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6H 2 O 6CO 2 + 12H 2 .
Under sulfur deprivation and exposure to light, hydrogen production was
observed for a period of several days (Fedorov et al. 2005b; Kim et al. 2010).
Vignais (2008) has reported that hydrogen production in algae is catalyzed by
oxygen-sensitive FeFe hydrogenases that are under the control of the gene HYDA
Table 7.1 (continued)
Name of the algae
References
Pediastrum duplex var. duplex AARL G060
Pediastrum tetras AARL G063
Scenedesmus acunae AARL G087
Scenedesmus obtusus AARL G020
Selenastrum bibraianum AARL G052
Verrucodesmus verrucosus AARL G079
Ulothrix cf. tenerrima AARL G029
Chlamydomonas sp. AARL G031
Pandorina morum AARL G010
Closterium ehrenbergii AARL G056
Closterium moniliferum AARL G041
Cosmarium lundellii AARL G053
Euastrum denticulatum AARL G001
Gonatozygon aculeatum AARL G047
Staurastrum muticum AARL G116
Staurastrum tetracerum AARL G011
Staurodesmus cuspidatus AARL G059
192
R. Kumar et al.
hydrogenase enzyme.
12H 2 O + 6CO 2 + lightenergy ! C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 C 6 H 12 O 6 + 12H 2 O + lightenergy
! 12H 2 + 6CO 2 .
Blue-green algae have significant advantages as hydrogen generation and oxygen
evolution are separated (Das and Veziroglu 2008). In dark fermentation, hydrogen
production takes place by fermentative microorganisms in a dark environment.
Purple nonsulfur bacteria (PNS) produce hydrogen by photofermentation (Das and
Veziroglu 2008; Merugu et al. 2010; Kadari et al. 2018).
CH 3 COOH + 2H 2 O + light ! 4H 2 + 2CO 2 .
The reactions of hydrogen production from water are given below (Das and
Veziroglu 2008). In indirect biophotolysis, the inactivation of [FeFe]-hydrogenases
by oxygen is eliminated by separating oxygen and while hydrogen is evolved
(Manish and Banerjee 2008). In the first stage, microalgae are allowed to fix carbon
dioxide into carbohydrate, while in the second stage, called as anaerobic dark
fermentation, carbohydrate is converted by nitrogenase enzyme to produce hydrogen
(Pilon et al. 2011).
6H 2 O + 6CO2 C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 .
C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6H 2 O 6CO 2 + 12H 2 .
Under sulfur deprivation and exposure to light, hydrogen production was
observed for a period of several days (Fedorov et al. 2005b; Kim et al. 2010).
Vignais (2008) has reported that hydrogen production in algae is catalyzed by
oxygen-sensitive FeFe hydrogenases that are under the control of the gene HYDA
Table 7.1 (continued)
Name of the algae
References
Pediastrum duplex var. duplex AARL G060
Pediastrum tetras AARL G063
Scenedesmus acunae AARL G087
Scenedesmus obtusus AARL G020
Selenastrum bibraianum AARL G052
Verrucodesmus verrucosus AARL G079
Ulothrix cf. tenerrima AARL G029
Chlamydomonas sp. AARL G031
Pandorina morum AARL G010
Closterium ehrenbergii AARL G056
Closterium moniliferum AARL G041
Cosmarium lundellii AARL G053
Euastrum denticulatum AARL G001
Gonatozygon aculeatum AARL G047
Staurastrum muticum AARL G116
Staurastrum tetracerum AARL G011
Staurodesmus cuspidatus AARL G059
192
R. Kumar et al.